May Autogenous Grafts Increase the Effectiveness of Hyalonect Membranes in Intraosseous Defects: An Experimental In Vivo Study

Background and Objectives: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) surgeries are used for dental implant placements with insufficient bone volume. Biomaterials used in GBR are expected to produce sufficient volume and quality of bone swiftly. This study aims to histologically evaluate the effectiveness of the use of Hyalonect membranes alone or with autogenous grafts in intraosseous defects. Materials and Methods: This study is an experimental study on sheep. Surgeries were performed under general anesthesia in accordance with ethical rules. Five 10 mm defects were surgically created in each ilium of six sheep. One defect was left empty in each ilium (group ED). The defects in the experimental group were covered with Hyalonect membrane while unfilled (group HY) or after being filled with autogenous bone grafts (ABG) (group G+HY). In the control group, the defects were either covered with collagen membrane while unfilled (group CM) or after being filled with the ABG group (G+CM). The sheep were histologically and histomorphometrically evaluated after being postoperatively sacrificed in the third and sixth week (three animals in each interval). Results: All animals completed the study without any complications. No difference was found between groups in the third and sixth weeks regarding the inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis scores. The G+CM (52.83 ± 3.06) group was observed to have a significantly higher new bone formation rate than all the other groups in the third week, followed by the G+HY group (46.33 ± 2.25). Similar values were found for HY and CM groups (35.67 ± 4.55 ve 40.00 ± 3.41, respectively, p = 0.185), while the lowest values were observed to be in group ED (19.67 ± 2.73). The highest new bone formation was observed in group G+CM (82.33 ± 4.08) in the sixth week. There was no difference in new bone formation rates between groups G+CM, G+HY (77.17 ± 3.49, p = 0.206), and CM (76.50 ± 2.43, p = 0.118). The insignificant difference was found ED group and group HY (55.83 ± 4.92, 73.50 ± 3.27, respectively, p = 0.09). The residual graft amount in the G+CM group was found to be statistically significant at 3 weeks (p = 0.0001), compared to the G+HY group, and insignificantly higher at the 6th week (p = 0.4). Conclusions: In this study, close values were observed between G+HY and G+CM groups. Further experimental and clinical studies with different graft materials are required to evaluate the effectiveness of HY in GBR.

Commonly Utilized Non Vascularised Bone Grafts in Maxillofacial Reconstruction

Surgical defects created secondary to oncological resection are often debilitating for patients, both functionally and esthetically. Meticulous surgical planning and intricate knowledge of the vital anatomical structures are essential for understanding the biology of reconstruction in the craniofacial skeleton. Unlike reconstructive procedures in other areas where the functional components may be given priority, reconstruction of the face requires a delicate balance between the esthetic and functional units. Despite new developments, autogenous grafts have frequently remained a reliable alternative that withstood the test of time. Non-vascularized bone grafts are often a subset of autogenous grafts, where the graft solely depends on the recipient’s vascularity and is indicated in defect sizes of less than 6 cm.

Autologous Deciduous Tooth-Derived Material for Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Clinical and Histological Case Report

The management of the alveolar socket is fundamental to create conditions that would allow the positioning of dental implants in the same site, when required. A number of biomaterials were described in scientific literature to be used for alveolar socket preservation immediately after tooth extraction: autogenous grafts, allograft (of various origin), and synthetic products. Among the autogenous biomaterials, some authors proposed the use of autogenous dentin and/or enamel, retrieved from teeth, adequately managed, and purified. The present case report with two-year follow-up shows one case of alveolar socket preservation by using tooth graft material that was subsequently treated with one implant-supported rehabilitation in the same site. The paper presents clinical and histological outcomes and confirms the feasibility of adopting such autogenous biomaterial in standard procedures.

PLASMA RICO EM FIBRINA (PRF) COMO OPÇÃO DE RECOBRIMENTO APÓS ROTAÇÃO DE RETALHO PALATINO PARA TRATAMENTO DE FÍSTULA BUCOSSINUSAL

ResumoO desenvolvimento de uma fístula bucossinusal, a partir de uma comunicação gerada entre a cavidade oral e o seio maxilar, pode ser favorecido por um não fechamento espontâneo ou por uma sinusite maxilar crônica já instalada. O tratamento da fístula bucossinusal depende de fatores que podem beneficiar ou dificultar o prognóstico dos casos, como a localização, causa e o tamanho do defeito gerado. Diferentes técnicas são descritas na literatura para o tratamento destes defeitos orosinusais, como retalhos locais deslizantes ou rotacionados, enxertos autógenos ou o uso da bola de gordura bucal. O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar o caso clínico de uma fístula bucossinusal pós exodontia há aproximadamente 05 anos, não corrigida imediatamente, tratada através de retalho mucoso palatino rotacionado. Como coadjuvante para a cicatrização da área doadora foi utilizado membrana de fibrina rica em plaquetas. A técnica do retalho palatino mostrou-se uma opção favorável para o fechamento da fístula bucossinusal e o uso dos fatores de crescimento permitiu vascularização adequada na área doadora e no retalho rotacionado, o que favoreceu a hemostasia vascular e estimulou a recuperação dos tecidos moles adjacentes.Palavras-chave: Seio maxilar, fístula bucoantral, cirurgia bucal, fibrina rica em plaquetas. AbstractThe development of a bucosinusal fistula from a communication generated between the oral and maxillary cavity may be favored by a spontaneous unblocked or an existing chronic maxillary sinusitis. The treatment of bucosinusal fistula depends on factors that may benefit or hinder the prognosis of cases, such as location, cause and size of the defect used. Different techniques are described in the literature for the treatment of these oral defects, such as sliding or rotating local flaps, autogenous grafts or the use of the buccal fat ball. The aim of the present study is to present the clinical case of a post-extraction bucosinusal fistula approximately 05 years ago, not immediately corrected, treated through a rotated palatal mucosal flap. As an adjunct to the healing of the donor area, a platelet-rich fibrin membrane was used. The palatal flap technique proved to be a favorable option for the closure of the bucosinusal fistula and the use of growth factors allowed adequate vascularization in the donor area and in the rotated flap, which favored vascular hemostasis and stimulated the recovery of adjacent soft tissues.Key-words: Maxillary sinus, oroantral fistula, oral surgery, platelet-rich fibrin

PLASMA RICO EM FIBRINA (PRF) COMO OPÇÃO DE RECOBRIMENTO APÓS ROTAÇÃO DE RETALHO PALATINO PARA TRATAMENTO DE FÍSTULA BUCOSSINUSAL

ResumoO desenvolvimento de uma fístula bucossinusal, a partir de uma comunicação gerada entre a cavidade oral e o seio maxilar, pode ser favorecido por um não fechamento espontâneo ou por uma sinusite maxilar crônica já instalada. O tratamento da fístula bucossinusal depende de fatores que podem beneficiar ou dificultar o prognóstico dos casos, como a localização, causa e o tamanho do defeito gerado. Diferentes técnicas são descritas na literatura para o tratamento destes defeitos orosinusais, como retalhos locais deslizantes ou rotacionados, enxertos autógenos ou o uso da bola de gordura bucal. O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar o caso clínico de uma fístula bucossinusal pós exodontia há aproximadamente 05 anos, não corrigida imediatamente, tratada através de retalho mucoso palatino rotacionado. Como coadjuvante para a cicatrização da área doadora foi utilizado membrana de fibrina rica em plaquetas. A técnica do retalho palatino mostrou-se uma opção favorável para o fechamento da fístula bucossinusal e o uso dos fatores de crescimento permitiu vascularização adequada na área doadora e no retalho rotacionado, o que favoreceu a hemostasia vascular e estimulou a recuperação dos tecidos moles adjacentes.Palavras-chave: Seio maxilar, fístula bucoantral, cirurgia bucal, fibrina rica em plaquetas. AbstractThe development of a bucosinusal fistula from a communication generated between the oral and maxillary cavity may be favored by a spontaneous unblocked or an existing chronic maxillary sinusitis. The treatment of bucosinusal fistula depends on factors that may benefit or hinder the prognosis of cases, such as location, cause and size of the defect used. Different techniques are described in the literature for the treatment of these oral defects, such as sliding or rotating local flaps, autogenous grafts or the use of the buccal fat ball. The aim of the present study is to present the clinical case of a post-extraction bucosinusal fistula approximately 05 years ago, not immediately corrected, treated through a rotated palatal mucosal flap. As an adjunct to the healing of the donor area, a platelet-rich fibrin membrane was used. The palatal flap technique proved to be a favorable option for the closure of the bucosinusal fistula and the use of growth factors allowed adequate vascularization in the donor area and in the rotated flap, which favored vascular hemostasis and stimulated the recovery of adjacent soft tissues.Key-words: Maxillary sinus, oroantral fistula, oral surgery, platelet-rich fibrin

Harvesting of autogenous grafts for gingival recession coverage

The ultimate aim of periodontal plastic surgery is to create optimal pink esthetics through the reconstruction of gingival recessions. Application of autogenous soft tissue grafts is considered as a gold standard treatment modality with predictable esthetic outcomes for gingival recession coverage. Harvesting a free soft tissue graft from an esthetically irrelevant region of the oral mucosa using various techniques can prevent donor site complications around the adjacent teeth.