Insight into temporal–spatial variations of DOM fractions and tracing potential factors in a brackish-water lake using second derivative synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and canonical correlation analysis

Background Insight into temporal–spatial variations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) fractions were undertaken to trace potential factors toward a further understanding aquatic environment in Lake Shahu, a brackish-water lake in northwest China, using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) combined with principal component analysis (PCA), second derivative and canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Result Five fluorescence peaks were extracted from SFS by PCA, including tyrosine-like fluorescence (TYLF), tryptophan-like fluorescence (TRLF), microbial humic-like fluorescence (MHLF), fulvic-like fluorescence (FLF), and humic-like fluorescence (HLF), whose relative contents were obtained by second derivative synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. The increasing order of total fluorescence components contents was July (11,789.38 ± 12,752.61) < April (12,667.58 ± 15,246.91) < November (19,748.87 ± 17,192.13), which was attributed to tremendous enhancement in TYLF content from April (1615.56 ± 258.56) to November (5631.96 ± 634.82). The PLF (the sum of TYLF and TRLF) dominated the fluorescence components, whose proportion was 40.55, 37.09, or 46.91% in April, July, or November. DOM fractions in November were distinguished from April and July, which could be attributed to that water of the Yellow River was continuously loaded into the lake as water replenishment from April to September. From the replenishment period to non-replenishment, the contents of the five components gradually changed from low in the middle and high around the lake to high throughout entire lake. Based on the CCA results, the potential factors included TYLF, TRLF, MHLF, SD, and BOD5 in April, which were relative to organic matter pollution. The potential factors contained TYLF, TRLF, FLF, Chl-a, TP, CODCr, and DO in July, indicating the enrichment of TP lead algae and plants growth. The potential factors in November consisted of TYLF, TRLF, CODCr, SD, TN, and FLF, representing residue of the algae and plants have been deeply degraded. Conclusion The replenishment of water led to enrichment of TP, resulting in growth of algae and plants, and was the key factor of water quality fluctuations. This work provided a workflow from perspective of DOM to reveal causes of water quality fluctuations in a brackish-water lake and may be applied to other types of waterbodies.

Ctenophora sinensis: a new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from China with comments on its structure, nomenclature and relationships

Lake Qinghai is an ancient brackish water lake in the Qinghai province of China. A number of endemic diatom species have already been discovered and described from the lake. This study describes another new endemic diatom species: Ctenophora sinensis sp. nov. Ctenophora sinensis has the following features: (1) frustule and valve are lanceolate; (2) the central area is slightly buttressed internally; (3) its areolae have both outside sieve-like closing plates and inside hymenate occlusions; (4) an apical hyaline field exists near each rimoportula; (5) a pseudoseptum is always presents at each pole; and (6) the cingulum has a 4:2 configuration of girdle bands in normal vegetative cells. Some remarks are provided on the nomenclature of Ctenophora and a few comments on the relationships of the genus.

Draft Genome Sequence of Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-4285, Isolated from Brackish Water (Lake Abashiri, Japan)

Microcystis aeruginosa is a bloom-forming cyanobacterium found in fresh and brackish waters worldwide. We sequenced the whole genome of M. aeruginosa NIES-4285, isolated from Lake Abashiri, Japan.

Monhystrella andreana sp. nov. (Nematoda: Monhysterida) from Chile

A description of Monhystrella andreana sp. nov. from brackish water lake Tierra del Fuego, Chile, is given. The new species differs from the most morphologically close M. macrura (de Man, 1880) mainly in shorter tail and pharynx (esophagus), and in longer spicules.

Metagenomic Sequencing of Microbial Communities from Brackish Water of Pangong Lake of the Northwest Indian Himalayas

ABSTRACT Pangong is a brackish water lake having environmental conditions that are hostile to supporting life. This is the first report unveiling the microbial diversity of sediment from Pangong Lake, Ladakh, India, using a high-throughput metagenomic approach. Metagenomic data analysis revealed a community structure of microbes in which functional genetic diversity facilitates their survival.