Effect of oral antihyperglycemic drugs on purine metabolism

Gout and diabetes mellitus are metabolic diseases, the pathogenesis of which is based on an excess of organic molecules in the body, in the first case — uric acid (UA), in the second — glucose. It is assumed that UA can also be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while insulin resistance and hyperglycemia affect purine metabolism. Both diseases are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. In addition, chronic microcrystalline inflammation, which is absent in asymptomatic hyperuricemia, but is an obligatory component of gout, is probably an independent factor in T2DM, arterial hypertension, and cardiovascular events. The treatment of both diseases is strategically similar: in gout, the goal is to achieve a normal blood MC level, in T2DM — to normalize glycemia, and the frequent combination of these metabolic diseases requires taking into account the effect of drug therapy on concomitant diseases. Most modern antihyperglycemic drugs can affect purine metabolism, which is confirmed by the results of a number of foreign works. At the same time, the effect of T2DM therapy on purine metabolism and gout has not been adequately covered in the domestic literature, which was the purpose of this review.

Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction of Corni Fructus alpha-glucosidase inhibitors improve insulin-resistant in HepG2 cells

Corni Fructus (CF) is a traditional medicine and beneficial food with multifaceted protective effects against diabetes and its complications. Since alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (GI) are promising first choice oral antihyperglycemic drugs...

Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors Across the Spectrum of Hypertension

Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors represent a novel class of oral antihyperglycemic drugs that have been approved over the last decade for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Except the glucose-lowering effects, robust evidence also suggests that SGLT2 inhibitors confer benefits in cardiovascular system. The purpose of this review was to investigate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors across the spectrum of arterial hypertension.

Utilization Pattern Study Of Oral Antihyperglycemic Drugs In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Diabetic Outpatient Care

The Aim of the present study is to analyze prescription pattern of the antihyperglycemic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study included 620 T2DM out patients aged between 41 to 60 years. Sociodemographic data included mean age, educational status, marital status, duration of diabetes mellitus and BMI. Women (54.8%) shared higher percentage in study population. Metformin (44.1%) was prescribed significantly in higher cases than other antihyperglycemic drugs. Glimepiride (30%) is second most common drug prescribed in monotherapy followed by glibenclamide (9.3%), gliclazide (6.6%) in treatment of T2DM. The prescription pattern study of antihyperglycemic drugs in T2DM can serve as a guide to clinicians to select the monotherapy drug, combination drugs and insulin preparations. The findings of current study also help to the pharmaceutical companies to understand the percentage of utilization of antidiabetic drugs before developing and marketing any new drug.