A note on quasi-bi-slant submanifolds of Sasakian manifolds

The object of the present paper is to study the notion of quasi-bi-slant submanifolds of almost contact metric manifolds as a generalization of slant, semi-slant, hemi-slant, bi-slant, and quasi-hemi-slant submanifolds. We study and characterize quasi-bi-slant submanifolds of Sasakian manifolds and provide non-trivial examples to signify that the structure presented in this paper is valid. Furthermore, the integrability of distributions and geometry of foliations are researched. Moreover, we characterize quasi-bi-slant submanifolds with parallel canonical structures.

ON A CERTAIN TRANSFORMATION IN ALMOST CONTACT METRIC MANIFOLDS

In this work, we investigate a new deformations of almost contact metric manifolds. New relations between classes of 3-dimensional almost contact metric have been discovered. Several concrete examples are discussed.

Optimal inequalities for contact CR-submanifolds in almost contact metric manifolds

In [An optimal inequality for CR-warped products in complex space forms involving CR δ-invariant, Internat. J. Math. 23(3) (2012)], B.-Y. Chen introduced the CR δ-invariant for CR-submanifolds. Then, in [Two optimal inequalities for anti-holomorphic submanifolds and their applications, Taiwan. J. Math. 18 (2014), 199–217], F. R. Al-Solamy, B.-Y. Chen and S. Deshmukh proved two optimal inequalities for anti-holomorphic submanifolds in complex space forms involving the CR δ-invariant. In this paper, we obtain optimal inequalities for this invariant for contact CR-submanifolds in almost contact metric manifolds.

A Study of New Class of Almost Contact Metric Manifolds of Kenmotsu Type

In this paper, we characterized a new class of almost contact metric manifolds and established the equivalent conditions of the characterization identity in term of Kirichenko’s tensors. We demonstrated that the Kenmotsu manifold provides the mentioned class; i.e., the new class can be decomposed into a direct sum of the Kenmotsu and other classes. We proved that the manifold of dimension 3 coincided with the Kenmotsu manifold and provided an example of the new manifold of dimension 5, which is not the Kenmotsu manifold. Moreover, we established the Cartan’s structure equations, the components of Riemannian curvature tensor and the Ricci tensor of the class under consideration. Further,the conditions required for this to be an Einstein manifold have been determined.

∇N-EINSTEIN ALMOST CONTACT METRIC MANIFOLDS

On an almost contact metric manifold M, an N-connection ∇N defined by the pair (∇,N), where ∇ is the interior metric connection and N: TМ → TM is an endomorphism of the tangent bundle of the manifold M such that Nξ = 0, 􀁇 􀁇 N (D) ⊂ D , is considered. Special attention is paid to the case of a skew-symmetric N-connection ∇N, which means that the torsion of an N-connection considered as a trivalent covariant tensor is skew-symmetric. Such a connection is uniquely defined and corresponds to the endomorphism N = 2ψ, where the endomorphism ψ is defined by the equality ω( X ,Y ) = g (ψX ,Y ) and is called in this work the second structure endomorphism of an almost contact metric manifold. The notion of a ∇N-Einstein almost contact metric manifold is introduced. For the case N = 2ψ, conditions under which almost contact manifolds are ∇N-Einstein manifolds are found.

B.-Y. Chen’s inequality for pointwise CR-slant warped products in cosymplectic manifolds

Recently, pointwise CR-slant warped products introduced by Chen and Uddin in [14] for Kaehler manifolds. In the context of almost contact metric manifolds, in this paper, we study these submanifolds in cosymplectic manifolds. We investigate the geometry of such warped product and prove establish a lower bound relation between the second fundamental form and warping function. The equality case is also investigated.

On curves in 3-dimensional normal almost contact metric manifolds

The characterization of curves plays an important role in both geometry and topology of almost contact manifolds. Olszak found the equation [Formula: see text] on normal almost contact manifolds. The pair [Formula: see text] denotes the type of these manifolds. In this study, we obtained the curvatures of non-geodesic Frenet curves on [Formula: see text]-dimensional normal almost contact manifolds without neglecting [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and provided the results of their characterization. We exemplified these results with examples.

Pointwise Slant and Pointwise Semi-Slant Submanifolds in Almost Contact Metric Manifolds

In almost contact metric manifolds, we consider two kinds of submanifolds: pointwise slant, pointwise semi-slant. On these submanifolds of cosymplectic, Sasakian and Kenmotsu manifolds, we obtain characterizations and study their topological properties and distributions. We also give their examples. In particular, we obtain some inequalities consisting of a second fundamental form, a warping function and a semi-slant function.

Certain Geometric Aspects of a Class of Almost Contact Structures on a Smooth Metric Manifold

The classication of Smooth Geometrical Manifolds still remains an open problem. The concept of almost contact Riemannian manifolds provides neat descriptions and distinctions between classes of odd and even dimensional manifolds and their geometries. We construct an almost contact structure which is related to almost contact 3-structure carried on a smooth Riemannian manifold (M, gM) of dimension (5n + 4) such that gcd(2, n) = 1. Starting with the almost contact metric manifolds (N4n+3, gN) endowed with structure tensors (ϕi, ξj , ηk) such that 1 ≤ i, j, k ≤ 3 of types (1, 1), (1, 0), (0, 1) respectively, we establish that there exists a structure (ϕ4, ξ4, η4) on (N4n+3 ⊗ Rd) ≈ M; gcd(4, d) = 1, d|2n + 1, constructed as linear combinations of the three structures on (N4n+3, gN) . We study some algebraic properties of the tensors of the constructed almost contact structure and further explore the Geometry of the two manifolds (N4n+3⊗Rd) ≈ M and N4n+3 via a !submersion F : (N4n+3 ⊗Rd) ↩→ (N4n+3) and the metrics gM respective gN between them. This provides new forms of Gauss-Weigarten's equations, Gauss-Codazzi equations and the Ricci equations incorporating the submersion other than the First and second Fundamental coecients only. Fundamentally, this research has revealed that the structure (ϕ4, ξ4, η4) is constructible and it is carried on the hidden compartment of the manifold M∼=(N4n+3 ⊗ Rd) (d|2n + 1) which is related to the manifold (N4n+3).

Lifting semi-invariant submanifolds to distribu­tion of almost contact metric manifolds

Let M be an almost contact metric manifold of dimension n = 2m + 1. The distribution D of the manifold M admits a natural structure of a smooth manifold of dimension n = 4m + 1. On the manifold M, is defined a linear connection that preserves the distribution D; this connection is determined by the interior connection that allows parallel transport of admissible vectors along admissible curves. The assigment of the linear connection is equivalent to the assignment of a Riemannian metric of the Sasaki type on the distribution D. Certain tensor field of type (1,1) on D defines a so-called prolonged almost contact metric structure. Each section of the distribution D defines a morphism of smooth manifolds. It is proved that if a semi-invariant sub­manifold of the manifold M and is a covariantly constant vec­tor field with respect to the N-connection , then is a semi-invariant submanifold of the manifold D with respect to the prolonged almost contact metric structure.