Multifaceted regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism by YY1

Recent studies suggested that dysregulated YY1 plays a pivotal role in many liver diseases. To obtain a detailed view of genes and pathways regulated by YY1 in the liver, we carried out RNA sequencing in HepG2 cells after YY1 knockdown. A rigid set of 2,081 differentially expressed genes was identified by comparing the YY1-knockdown samples (n = 8) with the control samples (n = 14). YY1 knockdown significantly decreased the expression of several key transcription factors and their coactivators in lipid metabolism. This is illustrated by YY1 regulating PPARA expression through binding to its promoter and enhancer regions. Our study further suggest that down-regulation of the key transcription factors together with YY1 knockdown significantly decreased the cooperation between YY1 and these transcription factors at various regulatory regions, which are important in regulating the expression of genes in hepatic lipid metabolism. This was supported by the finding that the expression of SCD and ELOVL6, encoding key enzymes in lipogenesis, were regulated by the cooperation between YY1 and PPARA/RXRA complex over their promoters.

Frameworks for Implying Copyright Licences

This chapter proposes frameworks under each category of copyright licences which help assess the facts and circumstances and determine whether a licence may be implied and, if so, the scope of the licence. Given that the advantage of implied licences is their flexibility, any rigid set of rules governing the implication could strike at the heart of such flexibility. Therefore, the chapter presents frameworks as opposed to rigid rules, and seeks to balance guidance and flexibility. These frameworks are developed based on the constituents that each category of licence would need to have, had it been an express licence; and when the express licence is absent, these frameworks indicate how the facts and circumstances can be marshalled, so that one can ascertain whether a licence is to be implied. In addition, these frameworks approach bare licences differently from contractual licences.

Sensorimotor Representation Learning for an “Active Self” in Robots: A Model Survey

Safe human-robot interactions require robots to be able to learn how to behave appropriately in spaces populated by people and thus to cope with the challenges posed by our dynamic and unstructured environment, rather than being provided a rigid set of rules for operations. In humans, these capabilities are thought to be related to our ability to perceive our body in space, sensing the location of our limbs during movement, being aware of other objects and agents, and controlling our body parts to interact with them intentionally. Toward the next generation of robots with bio-inspired capacities, in this paper, we first review the developmental processes of underlying mechanisms of these abilities: The sensory representations of body schema, peripersonal space, and the active self in humans. Second, we provide a survey of robotics models of these sensory representations and robotics models of the self; and we compare these models with the human counterparts. Finally, we analyze what is missing from these robotics models and propose a theoretical computational framework, which aims to allow the emergence of the sense of self in artificial agents by developing sensory representations through self-exploration.

Features of expression of modal meanings in 16th-century biblical translations created on the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The paper deals with the features of expression of some modal meanings in the Masoretic text of the book of Genesis by means of particles and the special construction of infinitivus absolutus, which serves to express modality in Hebrew. The ways of translating into Slavic languages in 16th-century bibles created on the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania are considered as well. The data from classical translations – LXX, the Vulgate, and the Czech Venetian Bible – are also used for analysis. The particles were chosen because they are desemantized and do not make considerable changes in the semantics of sentences, but merely specify them. The infinitivus absolutus constructions are a means of expressing modal semantics. They are absent in Slavic languages and require understanding and special translation efforts from the translator. It is concluded that even the translator dealing with sacred texts corrects modal semantics and changes the formal means of its expression, indicating that the modality is understood as a category of a special kind, with unclearly defined borders and a diverse and non-rigid set of means of expression. The analysis of translated texts made using various original texts shows that translators while trying to preserve the spirit and letter of the original or authoritative translation (the Masoretic text, Church Slavonic translation, the Venetian Bible, the Vulgate), nevertheless, consider modality to be a category that can be easily sacrificed in translation, by changing or even eliminating the modal meaning.

A temporal epistemic logic with a non-rigid set of agents for analyzing the blockchain protocol

In this paper we provide a strongly complete axiomatization of a temporal epistemic logic in which non-rigid sets of agents are allowed. Using this framework, we prove a number of properties of the blockchain protocol with respect to the given set of axioms and premises.

Top–Down Cognitive Control in Students with a Rigid Set-on Facial Expression

Top–down cognitive control was studied in students by the model of fixed set for facial expression. In subjects with errors in the set fixing, it is weakened to the greatest extent. The hypothesis about the influence on the top–down cognitive control of the functional state of subjects caused by signs of autonomic dysfunction, personal anxiety, depression and sleep quality is considered. Keywords: top–down cognitive control, emotional facial expression, errors recognition, EEG, alpha oscillations

EXHAUSTION OF THE CURVE GRAPH VIA RIGID EXPANSIONS

For an orientable surfaceSof finite topological type with genusg≥ 3, we construct a finite set of curves whose union of iterated rigid expansions is the curve graph$\mathcal{C}$(S). The set constructed, and the method of rigid expansion, are closely related to Aramayona and Leiniger's finite rigid set in Aramayona and Leininger,J. Topology Anal.5(2) (2013), 183–203 and Aramayona and Leininger,Pac. J. Math.282(2) (2016), 257–283, and in fact a consequence of our proof is that Aramayona and Leininger's set also exhausts the curve graph via rigid expansions.

The Intelligence Process and the Information Management

The Intelligence cycle is a procedure framework for the development of mission-focused Intelligence support. It is not an end in itself, nor should it be viewed as a rigid set of procedures that must be carried out in an identical manner on all occasions. The commander and the Intelligence officer must consider each IR (Intelligence requirement) individually and apply the Intelligence cycle in a manner that develops the required Intelligence in the most effective way (U.S. MARINE CORPS, 2007).

Sensibility in applied ethics

Rule systems are used every day to share experience, pre-existing knowledge, beliefs and ethical rules, and to provide instructions for future action. This article expands and builds upon an approach pioneered by Julius M. Moravcsik to argue that ethics cannot be completely codified into a rigid set of rules, because any such set lacks a misapplication-correcting sensibility. Thus, an ethics that is transferred purely by means of a rule-set is incomplete and thus cannot be used reliably to guide future action. The balancing sensibility is formed out of pre-existing expert knowledge and takes account of the limitations of rule-sets in specific contexts. Moravcsik’s approach is then expanded by incorporating it into a holistic framework for the analysis, guidance and development of actions to be taken to support the emergence, selection and implementation of solutions for a sustainable future. This approach has profound implications for managers and organisers in new or critical situations.

Finite rigid sets and homologically nontrivial spheres in the curve complex of a surface

Aramayona and Leininger have provided a "finite rigid subset" 𝔛(Σ) of the curve complex [Formula: see text] of a surface [Formula: see text], characterized by the fact that any simplicial injection [Formula: see text] is induced by a unique element of the mapping class group Mod(Σ). In this paper we prove that, in the case of the sphere with n ≥ 5 marked points, the reduced homology class of the finite rigid set of Aramayona and Leininger is a Mod(Σ)-module generator for the reduced homology of the curve complex [Formula: see text], answering in the affirmative a question posed in [1]. For the surface [Formula: see text] with g ≥ 3 and n ∈ {0, 1} we find that the finite rigid set 𝔛(Σ) of Aramayona and Leininger contains a proper subcomplex X(Σ) whose reduced homology class is a Mod(Σ)-module generator for the reduced homology of [Formula: see text] but which is not itself rigid.