Food Systems After Covid-19

Measures to slow down the spread of Covid-19 have had profound effects on the food and nutrition security of poor and marginalised households and communities. This article provides an overview of the effects of Covid-19 on food systems across low- and middle-income countries using resilience and political economy lenses, before proposing approaches to build back resilient and equitable food systems. First, future interventions need to target structural issues that limit people’s agency in accessing nutritious and diverse food and production capital. Second, local innovation systems and institutions require investment to create a market environment that benefits domestic (small and medium) enterprises and agri‑food supply chain workers without jeopardising the environment. Third, interventions need to be informed by a diverse set of opinions that include the voices of the most marginalised.

How Local Innovation Systems Empowering Community: Case Study in Belu of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

A Local Innovation Systems (LIS) was establish in Bakustulama Village of Esat Nusa Tenggara Province in Indonesia in 2013 and has serve the local people in their productive activity since. This paper was an evaluation of how this LIS play the role on empowering the local peole. The study involved 2 farmer groups to be involved in developing LIS then applied it in their productive activities. Since the implementation LIS has served the two farmer groups in increasing their economic life (income received). LIS was attached to the local agricultural extension office as an institution that consists of farmer groups, local extension workers, staffs from Local Government Offices (Agricultural-Fisheries and Plantation Offices, Local Animal Husbandry Offices, Local Forestry Offices, Sub-District & Village Offices)and supported by local researchers. The LIS as institutions running well to served the need of the people by establishing networks with other institutions and reserchers from several intitutions available in the area. A chnge in policy from Central Government in 2016 had change the existency of LIS as institution, however the network still function and the people still can benefitted from it, which was shown from the evaluation conducte in 2019. An index number was applied here to measure the change occurs in the two farmer groups before and after the implementation of LIS. Significant changes were occurs in the two farmer groups, they economic life were changes in better way, which is why they still maintaining the network from LIS although the institution was not exist anymore. Here, the LIS was transform into a systems that was run by farmer groups which still maintain the network that was already established.

Analysis of Intellectual Property Assets in A Local Innovation System on The Rise

The intellectual protection process is a sine qua non condition for leveraging a system based on a specific location. The purpose of this article was to find a referenced chronological survey - 2000 to 2017 - on the relationship of fostering innovation and Intellectual Protection, according to the usability of certain assets in view of the Local Innovation System in Pernambuco - Brazil. The methodology used was descriptive, with documentary analysis and bibliographic references. As a result, it was found that there is a structural disorder in Intellectual Property in the state, taking it to levels far below other Local Innovation Systems with the same innovative maturity. A developmental and intellectual property gap was found in what is already considered one of the largest and best structured Brazilian Local Innovation Systems. Considering these unsatisfactory results, it is necessary to promote in the Pernambuco Local Innovation System innovative matrix methods and Intellectual Property capable of taking the referred state to innovative levels never thought of.

Turning Straw to Gold: Mobilising Symmetry in Responsible Research and Innovation

This article aims to reflect on the role of Science, Technology and Society (STS) research(ers) in co-constructing Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) in the Global South. By reporting on RRI research in the Global South, here the Indo-Dutch NWO-MVI project on rice straw burning in Punjab, we make an argument for approaching RRI as a symmetric process of knowledge production mobilised by local actors and researchers alike. For STS researchers to responsibly engage with local innovation systems, their activities need to go beyond knowledge provision and towards facilitating the ownership and circulation of local meanings and means to responsibly innovate. Rather than understanding RRI as a fixed framework to govern innovation practices, this article reflects on RRI as an approach that combines research with intervention. We propose that following the principle of symmetry can turn RRI into a productive tool for the mobilisation of embedded local principles that can organise innovation systems in a responsible way. In particular, symmetry allows the re-location of meanings and practices of innovation as well as the re-negotiation of multiple notions of responsible governance.

The impact of the Triple Helix model on the local development of Western Poland

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to show the positive impact of public support for the relationships within the triple helix model on the local development of Western Poland (WP). Design/methodology/approach: The paper presents the econometric model based on backward stepwise multiple regression in which the explanatory variables were expenses aggregated into 44 categories dedicated to triple helix model. The model defines a theoretical framework for local innovation systems in 111 counties of WP (5 western voivodeships). An economic aggregate based on average salaries was chosen as a dependent variable, treated as a measure of local development. Findings: Relationships diagnosed within triple helix model were supported by public expenditures from the European Union cohesion policy in 2007-2013. Two hypotheses were proposed in the paper. In the first one, a presumption was expressed for the positive impact of statistically significant expenditures on innovative activity, and technical and knowledge infrastructure for the local development of WP. The hypothesis was tested in basic and extended variants. In the second one, a presumption was expressed in which public expenditures on technical infrastructure were more influential for the local development of WP than expenditures on knowledge infrastructure. The first hypothesis was confirmed in both basic and extended variants. The second hypothesis could not be confirmed as a result of the research procedure. Importantly, bi-lateral synergy effects in the triple helix model within the researched counties of WP, positively influencing local development, are evident. Research limitations/implications: The Triple helix model, treated as a template for creating local innovation systems, could be extended into quadruple helix model. Future research may include variables related to “society” as forth side supporting innovative processes in local economy. Practical implications: The results of the regression model confirm the positive impact of expenses related to the broadly understood innovation activities on local development. In contrast, expenditure on technical infrastructure, representing the administration–business relationship, demonstrates a negative impact on the adopted local development measures. Originality/value: the paper presents the methodology, that could be used in diagnosing trilateral relationships occurring at the interface of science–business–administration. In the research, only bilateral relations have been diagnosed at the interface of science–business and administration–science.

Exploring the convergence between sustainability and local innovation systems from a southern perspective: What Brazilian empirical evidence has to offer

In this paper, we address some important issues regarding innovation, sustainability and entrepreneurship in selected case studies based on the Local Innovative and Productive Systems (LIPSs) approach. First, we provide a brief overview of the LIPSs theoretical approach and discuss the relationship between LIPS and sustainability, and then we analyze selected case studies from Brazil in order to understand the relationship between LIPS and sustainability. The case study summarized here were extensive studies carried out by researchers related to a research network specialized in LIPS called RedeSist. The final section provides a brief analysis of how LIPSs have incorporated sustainability and the challenges yet to face.