Real Time Driver Drowsiness Detection System using OpenCV

Most knowledge is transmitted by the eyes, an essential part of the body. When an operator is in a state of exhaustion, facial expressions, e.g., blinking and yawning rate, vary from those in normal condition. In this venture, we are proposing a system named Driver-Drowsiness Detection System, which monitors the exhaustion state of the drivers, such as yawning, and eye closing length, using video clips, without equipping their bodies with sensors. We are using face-tracking algorithm to improve tracking reliability due to the limitations of previous algorithms. We have used facial region detection method based on 68 key points. Then we use these areas of the head to determine the condition of the passengers. Through integrating the eyes and mouth, Driver-Drowsiness Detection System can use an exhaustion alarm to alert the driver.

Inflammatory signals are sufficient to elicit TOX expression in mouse and human CD8 T cells

T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation leads to expression of the transcription factor TOX. Prolonged TCR signaling, such as encountered during chronic infections or in tumors, leads to sustained TOX expression, which induces a state of exhaustion or dysfunction. While CD8 memory T cells (Tmem) in specific pathogen-free laboratory mice typically do not express TOX, functional human Tmem show heterogeneous TOX expression levels. Whether TCR-independent mechanisms can alter TOX expression in human and murine Tmem has not been defined. We report that human and mouse Tmem increase TOX expression following stimulation with inflammatory cytokines IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18. TOX and PD-1 expression patterns often appear to be directly correlated, however, we found that TOX is not necessary for cytokine-driven expression of PD-1. Together, these observations highlight that inflammation is sufficient to alter TOX and PD-1 expression and that the signals regulating TOX expression appear well conserved in human and murine Tmem.

Computing nature – reality or metaphor? DISCUSSION ON THE I. MIKHAILOV’S PAPER “COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH TO SOCIAL KNOWLEDGE”

The article critically evaluates the computational approach and its application to living beings and social organization. Arguments are put forward according to which the cognitive potential of more traditional approaches to these subject areas – at least at the present time – is far from a state of exhaustion, and the computational approach is unable to create an alternative to them. This leads to the idea that the naturalization of the concept of computation in relation to such systems should be treated only as a metaphor.

IRF8 Governs Tumor-Associated Macrophage Control of T Cell Exhaustion

SummaryTumor progression is associated with overstimulation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), resulting in a dysfunctional state of exhaustion. How T cell exhaustion is elicited in the tumor remains poorly understood. Here we show that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) present cancer cell antigen and induce CTL exhaustion through a gene expression program dependent on the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor-8 (IRF8). In a transgenic model of murine breast cancer, CTL priming was supported by IRF8-dependent dendritic cells; yet, CTL exhaustion required TAM expression of IRF8, and its ablation suppressed tumor growth. An analysis of the highly immune-infiltrated human renal cell carcinoma tumors revealed abundant TAMs that expressed IRF8 and were enriched for an IRF8 gene expression signature. The IRF8 signature co-segregated with T cell exhaustion markers and was negatively associated with long-term patient survival. Thus, CTL exhaustion is promoted by TAMs via IRF8, and this crosstalk may be disrupted in TAM-targeted therapies.

Frailty as the basis for physiotherapeutic procedures for 65+ patients

Introduction: The frailty syndrome (FS) is a syndrome of functional limitations related to the older age, and its specificity, as well as the scale of occurrence, justify the need for its description and ordering of knowledge in this area. Aim: The aim of the literature review is to systematize knowledge in the field of individual descriptive elements of FS and rehabilitation dedicated to FS. Material and metods: The publication is a review and systematizes research material in the field of syndrome frailty. The narrative review was based on the analysis of publications contained in the Pubmed database in the period 2012-2017 and Polish sources published in this period. The sources were selected in accordance with the purpose of the work. Results: The frailty syndrome is defined and defined in various ways, although the main reference refers to its first description, formulated by L. Fried et al. There are three main phenotypes of the weakness group, classified based on the criteria of the creators of this team. Different scales are used in diagnostics: CHS, FRAIL, ESF, as well as GFI, TFI and PLFI indicators. The frailty syndrome develops based on the causes and effects of the so-called a cascade of weaknesses, among them chronic inflammatory processes, sarcopenia and immunological changes are of key importance. Recommended physiotherapy regimens cover various cycles and types of physical activity, with the use of a 12-week program of exercises of various types most often emphasized. Conclusions: Frailty is a state of exhaustion of reserves and functional limitations of the older age, also referred to as a team of weakness, frailty and fragility. Most reports confirm the use and usefulness of the CHS scale. Lack of unambiguous physiotherapy regimens for FS. Article received: 04.01.2019; Accepted: 16.07.2019 Key words: frailty, weakness syndrome, exhaustion syndrome, the elderly, rehabilitation

DIMINISHING THE SYMPTOMS AND RISKS INDUCED BY CHRONIC FATIGUE ASSOCIATED WITH DEPRESSION, THROUGH THE USE OF ANTI-STRESS MASSAGE

Chronic fatigue associated with depression is the first phase of the Karōshi syndrome (death caused by overwork), characterized by a state of exhaustion and serious neurovegetative disorders. A correct diagnosis is difficult to establish, but the symptoms can lead to an early diagnosis, in the absence of clear pathological causes. Considering that the anti-stress massage can help diminish chronic fatigue and depression, and as such, help prevent the emergence of the Karōshi syndrome, 16 sessions were applied on 4 subjects, over the course of 3 months. Their results, compared to the ones from other 4 subjects, proved that anti-stress massage has lead to a considerable diminished level of stress that generates chronic fatigue and depression.

Experiments

‘The first of June; the Kings are off to the seashore to-morrow, and I’m free! Three months’ vacation! how I shall enjoy it!’ exclaimed Meg, coming home one warm day to find Jo laid upon the sofa in an unusual state of exhaustion, while Beth...

Structural relationships of music and images in music video

In the course of the last decade, the body of writing on music video has grown to sizeable proportions. The reason for the present addition to this bulk of literature, in spite of the subject seemingly approaching the state of exhaustion, is that musical semiotics are still rarely applied to the field. It is a fact that pop and rock music have always been heavily infused with socially determined meaning such that an autonomous musical aesthetics appears clearly insufficient to explain their significance; however, to what extent and how this significance is linked in with particular musical structures as such is still largely uninvestigated. In my view, music video may perhaps be less interesting as a phenomenon in itself than as source material for an ‘empirical semiotics’ of popular music, shedding light on signification processes of a more general applicability. Furthermore, the distinctive features of music video may arguably be better explained on the basis of an understanding of the syntactical characteristics of popular music than by prevalent theories of postmodernism; the latter appear problematic not only due to their speculative and unsubstantiated nature with regard to media reception processes (cf. Frith and Horne 1987, p. 11), but their explanatory value as regards syntactic features of music video also seems to be limited (cf. Frith 1988, p. 207).