Literature Review : Penerapan Teknik Pernafasan Buteyko Terhadap Penurunan Frekuensi Kekambuhan Asma Pada Pasien Asma Bronkhial

One of the non-pharmacological therapies to reduce the frequency of asthma recurrence is the Buteyko breathing technique. The study aimed to describe the application of the Buteyko breating technique in asthmatic patients. The study applied Literature Review design. Three articles were obtained from google scolar website, with the keywords “Bronchial Asthma,” “Asthma Recurrence,” and “Buteyko Breathing Technique”. All these three articles were fulltext articles, published in 2014-2021. The result of the Literature Review of the two articles, based on the average value bevore the intervention was 2,74 and after the intervention was 1,66 and one of the articles did not explain the avarge value. The study approved that Buteyko Breathing Technique can be an alternative intervention to reduce the frequency of asthmatic patients. Furthermore, healthcare providers were suggest to educate their patients to do so.Keywords: Asthma Recurrence, Asthmatic Patient, Buteyko Breathing Technique AbstrakSalah satu terapi non farmakologis untuk menurunkan frekuensi kekambuhan Asma adalah teknik pernafasan Buteyko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penerapan teknik pernafasan Buteyko pada pasien Asma berdasarkan Literatur Review. Desain Karya Tulis Ilmiah berupa Literatur Review dengan jumlah artikel tiga yang diambil dari laman jurnal google scolar dengan kata kunci “Asma Bronkhial,” “Kekambuhan Asma,” dan “Teknik Pernafasan Buteyko” berupa artikel fulltex, terbit tahun 2014-2021. Hasil Literatur Review dari kedua artikel berdasarkan nilai rata-rata sebelum intervensi yaitu 2,74 dan sesudah intervensi menjadi 1,66 dan salah satu artikel tidak menjelaskan nilai rata-rata. Kesimpulannya adalah teknik pernafasan Buteyko dapat menurunkan frekuensi kekambuhan asma pada pasien asma. Saran bagi tenaga kesehatan hendaknya mengedukasi tentang teknik pernafasan Buteyko sebagai alternatif untuk menurunkan frekuensi kekambuhan asma pada pasien asma.Kata kunci: Asma Bronkhial, Kekambuhan Asma, dan Teknik Pernafasan Buteyko

PECULIARITIES OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA CLINICAL COURSE IN SMOKERS WITH SMALL AIRWAY DISEASES

The literature review provides up-to-date information about the clinical course of bronchial asthma (BA) in smokers with small airway diseases. Special attention is paid to the combination of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), namely asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS). According to literature data, in case of small airway duseases exacerbations are more often and severe in smokers with BA and ACOS. Besides, disease prognosis worsens due to reduction in the efficacy of a baseline therapy. Keywords: bronchial asthma, small airway disease, smoking-related phenotype, asthma-COPD overlap (BA-COPD phenotype). В литературном обзоре представлены современные сведения об особенностях клинического течения бронхиальной астмы (БА) у курильщиков с поражением малых дыхательных путей (МДП). Особое внимание уделено сочетанию бронхиальной астмы и хронической обструктивной болезни лёгких (ХОБЛ; COPD) – синдрому перекрёста БА-ХОБЛ (СПБАХ, asthma-COPD overlap, ACO; фенотип БА-ХОБЛ). Согласно литературным данным, в случае поражения МДП у больных БА с фенотипом курильщика и при сочетании БА-ХОБЛ чаще возникают и тяжелее протекают обострения, ухудшается прогноз заболевания, в т.ч. из-за снижения эффективности базисной терапии. Ключевые слова: бронхиальная астма, поражение малых дыхательных путей, фенотип курильщика, asthma-COPD overlap (фенотип БА-ХОБЛ).

Successful Use of Bronchial Thermoplastics in a Female Patient with Severe Bronchial Asthma

Objective: To describe the use of bronchial thermoplastics (BT) in a female patient with severe hormone-dependent bronchial asthma (BA). Key Points. Because of the history of unsuccessful use of the basic BA therapy and continuous inefficient use of the systemic glucocorticosteroids, the patient underwent a three-session BT. Her condition stabilised on day 5–6 following each BT session: shortness of breath retracted, stridor and sputum discharge disappeared. During a follow-up visit in 6 months, the patient had basic therapy (budesonide with formoterol (Symbicort) 160/4.5μg, 2 doses bid, methylprednisolone 4mg, once daily); she had no complains. The patient had vesicular respiration without stridor; forced expiratoty volume1 was 95%, lung capacity was 113%. Conclusion. Three BT sessions allowed minimising glucocorticosteroids dose, adjusting basic therapy and achieving long-term BA remission. Keywords: bronchial asthma, bronchial thermoplastics, glucocorticosteroids.

Bronchial Asthma in Children Amidst the Novel Coronavirus Infection

Objective of the Review: to present current information on monitoring and therapy of bronchial asthma (BA) in children amidst the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. Key Points. There is no evidence that controlled BA increases the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or leads to more severe COVID-19. Inhaled glucocorticosteroids (IGCS) to manage BA inhibit gene expression of major SARS-CoV-2 target receptors. Anti-inflammatory BA therapy, primarily IGCS, should not be discontinued until BA is controlled, thus mitigating the risk of unfavourable course of COVID-19. Nebuliser therapy at home remains the preferred treatment in pre-school children with BA. Conclusion. Amidst the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, children with BA should receive individualised therapy depending on disease severity and rate of disease control. Keywords: bronchial asthma, children, novel coronavirus infection COVID-19.