Penyelesaian Container Stowage Problem untuk Kontainer Ukuran 20 Feet menggunakan Whale Optimization Algorithm

This paper has purpose to solve Container Stowage Problem (CSP) for 20 feet container using Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). CSP is a problem discussing about how to stowage a container on the ship where the purpose to minimize the unloading time. Moreover, 20 feet container is one of container types. WOA is a recently developed swarm-based metaheuristic algorithm that is based on the bubble net hunting maneuver technique of humpback whales for solving complex optimization problems. WOA had three procedures, first encircling prey, second bubble-net attacking method or exploitation phase, and third search for prey or exploration phase. WOA application program or resolving solve CSP for 20 feet container was made by using Borland C++ programming language which was implemented in three cases types of CSP data, first, the small data taking about nine containers with the number of bays, rows and tiers, respectively, are 4, 4, 4. The second and third data was medium data and big data with 62 containers and 95 containers each data, and had the number of bays, rows and tiers, respectively, are 14, 4, 5. After executing the program can be concluded the unloading time will be better if the number of whales is larger, while the number of iterations and the number of parameter control for shape of a logaritma spiral don’t affect the solution.

A Data-Driven Situational Awareness System for Enhanced Air Cargo Operations Emergency Control

Based on the constant need for safety and operational cost optimization, the air-cargo industry is continually evolving in the context of Industry 4.0. Used wisely, data can help the industry to provide critical resilience that will allow authorities to take proper measures/actions in response to unexpected disasters and secure societal protection. The “INTELLICONT” project combines state-of-the-art technologies blended with novel solutions to improve the loading/unloading time, the structural status awareness, and the safety and security of the air-cargo related operations (prior to, during, and after the flight), as well as to enhance their capabilities related to the execution of their duties. The suggested system is contextually aligned and harmonized with the existing international and EU regulations. In the present work, the remote monitoring and control system for intelligent aircraft cargo containers have been presented from the software perspective. The intelligent containers integrate three types of sensors, Structural Health Monitoring, fire suppression, and locking status indication. The focus has been given to the design and development of a Human Machine Interface (HMI) capable to visualize all related data for better and safer control of the aircraft cargo. It is shown that the system can contribute to making the air transportations safer, environmentally friendlier, faster and with the lowest possible cost.

VIEWS ON THE CREATION AND USE OF FIELD DEPOTS DURING OPERATIONS (COMBAT ACTIONS)

Logistical support of troops (forces) during operations (combat actions) involves the creation of a significant number of field storage units and depots for material and technical means, which should store substantial number of supplies. But in modern conditions, these field depots become an attractive target for the enemy since tthey occupy a large area of several square kilometers (i.e., with a low probability of misses during fire attacks), have clear features that do not confuse them with another spatial object. Field depot is also characterized by extremely low mobility – for example the deployment time of field fuels and lubrscants depot with a capacity of 600 cubic meters is about a day (approximately 20 hours). The importance of this problem is known, but in many cases experts build a model of creation and deployment of field depots not taking into account not only progress in the development of weapons, but also changes in the enemy's views on combat operations. The experience of Anti–Terrorist Operation and Joint Forces Operation clearly confirms the abovementioned problem. A representative example of this thesis – The main provisions of the logistics of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. This document states that it is necessary to provide for the establishment of separate material and technical means storage departments in order to create and disperse material and technical means stocks, bring them closer to the troops (forces), reduce the distance of delivery and increase the efficiency of material and technical means use. But in this formulation, without providing specific recommendations, the norms of the Basic Provisions remain to be only vain wishes. In view of the above, it is concluded that the field depots and storage units for material and technical means reserves should be highly mobile, with a short deployment–folding and loading–unloading time, maximally protected from the enemy, including its subversive-reconnaissance groups, and have high camouflage properties. One of the most appropriate options for solving this problem may be the creation of rolling stock on the basis of a special military train, i.e. equipped in conventional railway carrieage (passenger and freight), tanks and railway platforms.

EVALUASI EFEKTIVITAS LINI PRODUKSI BETON PRA-CETAK MENGGUNAKAN OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS (OEE)

PT. XYZ merupakan perusahaan industri penghasil beton pra-cetak di Indonesia dan Asia Tenggara yang memiliki 6 lini produksi untuk memproduksi beton pra-cetak. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lini produksi 2 karena memiliki downtime mesin yang tinggi dan defect yang berada diatas 1%. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pengukuran efektivitas menggunakan Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE). Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, diketahui rata-rata nilai OEE sebesar 38.62% yang menunjukkan efektivitas dari lini produksi 2 masih rendah. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh waktu siklus yang tidak memperhitungkan loading time, unloading time, dan waktu tunggu material, sehingga perlu melakukan penelitian waktu siklus menggunakan Stopwatch Time Study (STS) pada mesin Overhead Crane 1 (dari total 5 Overhead Crane) dan mesin Cor karena memiliki nilai OEE terendah. Penelitian STS menghasilkan perubahan waktu siklus mesin Overhead Crane menjadi 6,63 menit dan mesin Cor menjadi 10.2 menit sehingga terdapat peningkatan nilai OEE yaitu menjadi 40,8167% untuk mesin Overhead Crane dan 61,6871% untuk mesin Cor.

Numerical description of the viscoelastic properties of low- and high-filled elastomeric nanocomposites

In this work, an analytical solution is found for the change in the dissipative (inelastic) part of the stress tensor at a constant rate of uniaxial loading of the material within the framework of a new thermodynamic model of the behavior of viscoelastic materials. At the same time, a fairly accurate coincidence of the theoretical curve constructed on the basis of the obtained solution with the experimental results was demonstrated. For this, uniaxial tests with nested loading cycles were carried out for samples of low- and high-filled elastomeric nanocomposites with various fillers. At each section of loading and unloading, time holdings were set, which made it possible to neglect the temporal processes taking place in the material, this makes it possible to experimentally find the equilibrium deformation curve. The resulting equilibrium curve can be described using the elastic potential. Having determined the equilibrium (elastic) and finding the dissipative (inelastic) parts of the stress tensor, the viscoelastic response of the considered elastomeric materials was described with high accuracy.

Modelling of the Acetification Stage in the Production of Wine Vinegar by Use of Two Serial Bioreactors

In the scope of a broader study about modelling wine acetification, the use of polynomial black-box models seems to be the best choice. Additionally, the use of two serially arranged bioreactors was expected to result in increased overall acetic acid productivity. This paper describes the experiments needed to obtain enough data for modelling the process and the use of second-order polynomials for this task. A fractional experimental design with central points was used with the ethanol concentrations during loading of the bioreactors, their operation temperatures, the ethanol concentrations at unloading time, and the unloaded volume in the first one as factors. Because using two serial reactors imposed some constraints on the operating ranges for the process, an exhaustive combinatorial analysis was used to identify a working combination of such ranges. The obtained models provided highly accurate predictions of the mean overall rate of acetic acid formation, the mean total production of acetic acid of the two-reactor system, and ethanol concentration at the time the second reactor is unloaded. The operational variables associated with the first bioreactor were the more strongly influential to the process, particularly the ethanol concentration at the time the first reactor was unloaded, the unloaded volume, and the ethanol concentration when loading.

An effective approach for the dual-resource flexible job shop scheduling problem considering loading and unloading

Many manufacturing systems need more than one type of resource to co-work with. Commonly studied flexible job shop scheduling problems merely consider the main resource such as machines and ignore the impact of other types of resource. As a result, scheduling solutions may not put into practice. This paper therefore studies the dual resource constrained flexible job shop scheduling problem when loading and unloading time (DRFJSP-LU) of the fixtures is considered. It formulates a multi-objective mathematical model to jointly minimize the makespan and the total setup time. Considering the influence of resource requirement similarity among different operations, we propose a similarity-based scheduling algorithm for setup-time reduction (SSA4STR) and then an improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) to optimize the DRFJSP-LU. Experimental results show that the SSA4STR can effectively reduce the loading and unloading time of fixtures while ensuring a level of makespan. The experiments also verify that the scheduling solution with multiple resources has a greater guiding effect on production than the scheduling result with a single resource.

Effects of Housing, Short Distance Transport and Lairage on Meat Quality of Finisher Pigs

Transport and associated handling can have adverse effects on pig welfare and meat quality. The purpose of the study was to determine (the variation of) effects of farm management, climate parameters, transport and lairage conditions on the meat quality of fattening pigs, heterozygous for the halothane gene. A total of 4763 fattening pigs were transported from 1 farm to a commercial slaughterhouse (distance 110 km) in 121 transports. From 2404 carcasses, carcass temperature and pH were measured 45 min post-mortem; 48 hours post-mortem pH, electrical conductivity, drip loss and meat color were registered. During the raising period sex, conditions at weaning (purchased or not as piglet, vaccination against mycoplasma) and (type of) pen during fattening (i.e., from about 22 kg to 105 kg) were registered to relate with pork quality. Transport season, weather parameters, regrouping or not during loading, transport combination (truck, trailer and driver), transport compartment and transport conditions (loading density, transport duration and unloading time) were monitored. At the slaughterhouse, duration of lairage and carcass conformation were followed up to examine correlations with meat quality parameters. Effects of farm management, climate parameters during transport, transport and slaughterhouse conditions on pork quality were demonstrated. Specifically, reducing lung lesions by vaccination during raising, no mixing of pigs during the transport process, sufficient lairage time and transporting no extreme muscled pigs can improve meat quality.