Digitization of Welding Processes

Welding processes offer a unique capability with a wide range of applications in industries. In recent times, welding has established itself as a tool for large scale additive manufacturing. In general, the quality and repeatability assurance for welding and specifically for additive manufacturing necessitates integrating process monitoring techniques with existing welding and additive manufacturing processes. The process-specific signals such as welding current fluctuations, temperature, and acoustic, generated during the welding operations, make them a suitable candidate for digitization. This chapter comprehensively describes the process monitoring techniques relevant to welding and additive manufacturing. Firstly, various sensors used during welding are described for their construction and working. Subsequently, specific applications of the sensors in digitizing the welding processes are presented.

Racial Integration and the Problem of Relational Devaluation

This article argues that blacks should reject integration on self-protective and solidarity grounds. It distinguishes two aspects of black devaluation: a ‘stigmatization’ aspect that has to do with the fact that blacks are subject to various forms of discrimination, and an aesthetic aspect (‘phenotypic devaluation’) that concerns the aesthetic devaluation of characteristically black phenotypic traits. It identifies four self-worth harms that integration may inflict, and suggests that these may outweigh the benefits of integration. Further, it argues that, while the integrating process may reduce stigmatization, there is less reason to think that it can do the same for phenotypic devaluation.

In-mold lightweight integrating for structural/functional devices

Integration of function in structure is troublesome for structural/functional devices. A novel method of in-mold integrating for structural/functional devices was proposed and studied. In this method, a functional film was prepared by printing and surface mounting to achieve electrical functions, and then the film was formed and back molded into a final product. Owing to the complex electronic film, new problems are raised in the in-mold integrating process. The process was modeled, and was designed with the genetic algorithm. The interaction between the melt and the mounted film was analyzed by two-way fluid-structure coupling. Heat dissipation with anisotropic thermal conductivity was examined. Accordingly, a control panel was manufactured and tested. From the study, the functional film, causing asymmetrical cooling issue, results in concave warpage, which can be effectively controlled by comprehensive processing optimization. Film deformation is significant at button area because of tiny hollow structure. The deformation can be decreased by the epoxy encapsulation. The anisotropic thermal conductivity and injection layer cause heat dissipation problem, and thermal effect should be checked and designed by full thermal analysis. With the designed scheme, manufactured panels can perform all control functions, satisfy appearance requirements, and achieve lightweight performance.

RESEARCH ON THE CROSS-CULTURAL MANAGEMENT OF CHINESE ENTERPRISES IN TRANSITIONALMERGERS AND ACQUISITION: GEELY'S ACQUISITION OF VOLVO

Based on the previous research on the integration of M & A culture, this paper discusses the case of Geely Group's acquisition of the Swedish luxury car brand Volvo. We study the integrating process to make the enterprise manager realize the importance of cultural integration and provide them the reference about cross-border merger and acquisition to improve the success rate of M&A.

Umweltorientiertes Prozessmanagement: Integration von Standards des Umweltmanagements und der Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung in eine betriebliche Prozessarchitektur

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag stellt den Ansatz INTPECOM (INTegrating Process Eco Modeling) zur Integration von Standards für das Umweltmanagement und die Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung in das betriebliche Prozessmanagement vor. Im Rahmen des modellorientierten und konzeptuellen Ansatzes für das umweltorientierte Prozessmanagement wird ein Set an Referenzmodellen in einer Standardnotation des Geschäftsprozessmanagements bereitgestellt, das in gängige Informationssysteme importiert werden kann und damit direkt für die Praxis nutzbar ist. Ein Hauptaugenmerk liegt dabei auf dem von der Europäischen Union in Gesetzesform kodifizierten Umweltmanagementinstrument Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS). Mit dem gewählten Integrationsansatz können Best Practices aus dem Umweltmanagement und der Umweltberichterstattung in das Prozessmanagement von Organisationen eingeführt werden, insbesondere in deren Prozessarchitektur. Dabei werden ebenso Potenziale und Herausforderungen zur Digitalisierung und Automatisierung des Umweltmanagements aufgezeigt. Ein Mehrwert für die Praxis wird zudem durch eine Einordnung von geeigneten Anwendungskontexten für die Integration von Umweltmanagementaspekten in eine Prozessarchitektur generiert. So sind sowohl kleine als auch große Organisationen mittels Einsatz von Modellierungswerkzeugen und Prozessmodell-Repositorien in der Lage, eine Zusammenarbeit zwischen mehreren Organisationseinheiten zu ermöglichen und die Umsetzung von Standards des Umweltmanagements und der Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung zu realisieren.