Recurrent periventricular hemorrhage in cerebral proliferative angiopathy: Case report

Cerebral proliferative angiopathy (CPA) is a rare vascular lesion. Bleeding from CPA is uncommon, but the risk of rebleeding is high once it bleeds. We describe a case of CPA with multiple intra- and periventricular hemorrhages during 30-year follow-up. Recurrent bleeding in these areas are common in moyamoya disease. These lesions may share the cause of bleeding: proliferation of the periventricular vessels functioning as collateral pathways. Revascularization surgery for CPA may attenuate the vascular proliferation in the vicinity of the ventricle, which may prevent rebleeding.