UPWELLING CHARACTERISTICS IN THE SOUTHERN JAVA WATERS DURING STRONG LA NINA 2010 AND SUPER EL NINO 2015

Seasonal coastal upwelling in the Southern Java waters is considered to be modulated by interannual ocean-atmosphere variability of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This study aims to investigate a contrast in seasonal upwelling characteristics during the La Nina 2010 and El Nino 2015 events, by using multi-datasets from INDESO model output and satellite-derived datasets. Distinct characteristics of seasonal upwelling was clearly seen. In La Nina, surface ocean-atmosphere variables were much lower than that observed in El Nino, except for precipitation rate, sea surface temperature, and sea surface height. In La Nina, warmer (27-28°C) and a very freshwater (<33.80psu) were predominant in the upper 45m depth, concealing upwelling cooler water at subsurface. In contrast, in the El Nino, a drastic upwelled subsurface water of isotherms of 25-26°C and isohalines of 34.24-34.44psu were outcropped at the sea surface. Temperature-based upwelling index is -2°C and +4°C, demonstrating the ENSO has strongly modulated the upwelling intensity. A strong eastward South Java Coastal Current (SJCC) was found only in La Nina event. Persistent westward Indonesian Throughflow south of 9.5°S were visible both in different ENSO events. Estimate of Ekman transport derived from model meridional current was intervened strongly by the presence of the SJCC and the ITF.

Seguimiento satelital de las condiciones océano-atmosféricas asociadas a los eventos de precipitación en Colombia durante el evento La Niña 2010–2011

La comprensión de la variabilidad climática es un tema de gran interés científico debido a que puede repercutir en las condiciones ambientales y socio-económicas de un país. Este estudio hace uso de datos satelitales para describir los eventos de precipitación ocurridos en el territorio colombiano durante el evento de La Niña 2010-2011 y registrados en estaciones meteorológicas costeras del Caribe. Se utilizaron datos de la temperatura de brillo de las nubes, medida por el Geostationary Operational Envirormental Satellite -GOES-12; datos de temperatura superficial del mar derivados de imágenes mensuales del Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer – MODIS, y datos de precipitación intisituto de dos estaciones meteorológicas costeras (Cartagena y Santa Marta). Las imágenes satelitales GOES permitieron describir el evento La Niña 2010-2011 a partir de la identificación de nubes altas y complejos convectivos de mesoescala, los cuales se asocian a elevadas precipitaciones; mientras que las imágenes MODIS evidenciaron un comportamiento oceánico opuesto entre el Caribe colombiano, que exhibió anomalías positivas, y el Pacífico Oriental Tropical, que experimentó la influencia del evento y lo reflejó en anomalías negativas. Modelos lineales empleando datos satelitales de temperatura superficial del mar, in situ de precipitación y del Índice de Oscilación del Sur, revelaron que solamente para la estación ubicada en El Rodadero (Santa Marta), la precipitación fue explicada por la temperatura superficial del mar adyacente, mientras que el IOS no resultó significativo.

Uso de Parâmetros Atmosféricos para Detecção de Episódios de ZCAS em Anos de El Niño/La Niña através do BRAMS (Use of Atmospherics Parameters for the Detection of Episodes of SACZ in El Niño/La Niña Years through BRAMS)

O objetivo principal do presente trabalho foi observar a capacidade do modelo BRAMS e sua sensibilidade em simular a ocorrência de sistemas Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul – ZCAS, com a finalidade de observar o comportamento do fenômeno e sua interação com a escala interanual. Foram selecionados dois eventos de ZCAS: de 02 a 06 de dezembro de 2009 (durante a fase El Niño) e de 27 a 31 de dezembro de 2010 (durante a fase La Niña). A análise da mesoescala revela importantes variações dinâmicas relacionadas à ZCAS para ambos os casos. Todas as variáveis apresentam coerência e o BRAMS conseguiu simular bem a área principal de atuação da ZCAS, tanto para o caso de El Niño (2009) quanto para o caso de La Niña (2010). Palavras-Chaves: ZCAS, BRAMS, El Niño, La Niña Use of Atmospherics Parameters for the Detection of Episodes of SACZ in El Niño/La Niña Years through BRAMS ABSTRACT The main objective of this study was observe the ability of the BRAMS model and its sensitivity in simulating the occurrence of systems Convergence Zone of the South Atlantic – SACZ, with the purpose to observe their behavior and interaction with the interannual scale. Were selected two SACZ events: from 02 to 06 December 2009 (during the El Niño) and 27 to 31 December 2010 (during the La Niña). The Mesoscale analysis reveals important dynamic variations related to SACZ in both cases. All variables show coherence and BRAMS could simulate well the main area of activity of the SACZ, both for the case of El Niño (2009) as to the case of La Niña (2010). Keywords: SACZ, BRAMS, El Niño, La Niña