Breeding self-fertile SM and МS of sugar beet lines and selecting best ones for breeding and economic valuable attributes

The aim of the researches was to breed new combination valuable self-fertile (Sf) sterility maintainers (FS) and their mail sterility (МS) analogues (а) as well as to select the new outbred SfМS line-testers (t), with a complex of valuable traits. It was established, that the share of self-pollinated plants varied from 62.0 up to 80.0 % in self-fertile hybrid generation. The lowest parameters were noted for hybrids-synthetics with the donor D3 M3 Sf for both recipients (64,4 and 62.0 % respectively). The offspring of the donor D1 G5 Sf380 showed a larger part of self-pollinated plants – from 76.2 % with the recipient R1 FS1 and 74.7 % with – R2 FS2 . Breeding for better seed pollination level was conducted. Analyzing crossings of the candidates for SfFS, with their МSа and МSt with the subsequent study of the offspring (F1 F2 ) МS of plants was carried out in conditions of strict isolation in order to estimate their sterility maintainers ability. F3 generations have received at weakened inbreeding, in group isolators and F4 on the isolated sites for free flight of pollen. At 100 % fertility of the candidates in SfFS and their МS 55 with 95–98% sterility, the hybrid generation had sterility and monogerm of 99–100 %. To all selection-valuable attributes the Only 25 % of the studied materials with МS new SfFS and their simple hybrids had satisfactory parameters. As for other numbers, formed with hybrids with МS hybrid and outbred FS of O type (МSt×SfFS), significant deviations in the "sterility" trait 92–58 % were noted. The best new materials were studied in sort testing for their efficiency estimation. SfFS candidates had good parameters for "sugar contents" trait – 19.18 %, while the standard had 19.01 %. The study of parameters МSа and МSt of lines with subsequent by selection perspective was important for successful hybrids breeding. The collection of the initial forms of Verhnyatska RSS was enlarged with new SfFS and their MS lines which is a source of valuable traits of the future parent components of hybrids as a result of the breeding. Key words: sugar beet, monogerm, pollinator, fertility, selection, hybrid, productivity.

Selection-valuable MS lines of sugar beet study and selection for trial hybrids

The aim of the researches was to study of elements of new MS lines of sugar beet efficiency from a collection of the varieties of Verhnyatska research selection station (VRSS). The materials were obtained on the recombination of foreign hybrids for intsuxt, purposeful analyzing crossings and reusable individual selections. We carried out the study of their genetic potential on the parameters of the basic selection valuable traits of "sterility" and "monogerm" as well as their economic valuable traits – "productivity", and "sugar content". On the basis man sterility (MS) of lines, the parent components of hybrids were created. The hybrids, received in wide ecological conditions, with the large spectrum pollinators have shown a high level heterozis. On the results of researches the estimation of hybrids is induced at participation, recombination MS of MS1 and MS2 lines. The line MS2 was the best behind on a parameter of sugar yield from a hectare (108.8 %) in comparison with a line MS1 (107.6–108.0 %). It is noted that the efficiency of trial hybrids of a sterile line – MS2 is closely dependent with pollinators. Such dependence was unequal in the same combination of MS of a line at test in different conditions with different pollinators. This dependence has specific features. Thus, in a combination with pollinators 1801 (Belotserkivska BRSS) the hybrids were differed considerably in sugar content – 98.9 %, at the productivity of 110.8 %. With the pollinators 1808 (Ivanivska RSS) sugar content was higher 102.1 % at the productivity of 106.9 %. Ii is proved that the efficiency of heterozis hybrids depends both on genetic potential of a maternal component, and on pathernal one. The study specifies efficiency and expediency of using geneplasm’s pollinators of a different origin in selection process. To create material with a rich source of various selection valuable traits used as donors, products foreign origin splitting is possible. Collection of selection materials of Verhnyachska RSS is added with new selection and economic valuable MS lines with high genetic potential. Key words: sugar beet, recombination, monogerm, sterility, selection, hybrid, productivity, increased sugar.