The Identification Blood Parasites On Pig (Susdomesticus) In Polewali Mandar District

Parasite is a detrimental living creature that using other living creature food in its life. Blood parasite is one of the quite important livestock disease which is endemic and can lead to fairly large economic losses which include weight loss, employment loss, and death of livestock. Blood parasites that usually attack livestock are Theileria sp, Babesia sp, Anaplasma and Plasmodium. The purpose of the research is to identify blood parasite of swine in Polewali Mandar district. This research was conducted on 25 August to 23 September 2016. The samples are 80 swine which obtained from all Swine People Ranch at Polewali in Polewali Mandar district, West Sulawesi. The samples made into an blood thinner then examined under a microscope. From 80 samples, the results showed that there are 4 samples which is positive infested Theileria sp. Key words : Blood Parasite, Swine, Theileria, Theileriosis.

HYPERGLYCEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH CRITICAL ILLNESS

Blood glucose is normally stabled at the level of 70 – 130 mg/dL. Blood glucose is usually changed in case of illness, whether or not having previous diabetes. Hyperglycemia was usually seen in the critical illness patients. Blood glucose is increased in critical illnesses as the increasing in hormone release that make the increase of glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor which help to increase blood glucose as well as the increasing in producing inflammatory intermediate factors and cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6. Hyperglycemia result in bad prognostic, nevertheless strict glycemia control causing high risk hypoglycemia. Resonable control of blood glucose in critical illness patients should be less than 8 - 9 mmol/L. Key words: Blood glucose, critical illness, hyperglycemia due to stress

Hubungan Kadar Timbel dalam Darah dengan Kadar Hemoglobin dan Hematokrit pada Petugas Pintu Tol Jagorawi

Penelitian tentang hubungan antara kadar timbel dalam darah dengan anemia yang tercermin dalam kadar hemoglobin dan hematokrit pada petugas pintu tol Jagorawi Jakarta. Landasan teori penelitian ini adalah hasil pemantauan kualitas udara Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota (DKI) Jakarta dimana kadar timbel di udara ambien melebihi Baku Mutu Lingkungan (BML) danadanya petunjuk literatur bahwa timbel memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap sistem hemopoitik pada manusia. Seratus orang pekerja terpilih untuk penelitian ini. Sebanyak 12% dari pekerja yang merupakan subjek pada penelitian ini tergolong anemia berdasarkan kadar hemoglobin darah dan 10% anemia berdasarkan nilai hematokrit. Kadar timbel darah yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini adalah 20,1 ± 1,1μgr% dengan maksimum 22,9μgr%; dengan kadar hemoglobin sebesar 15,2 ± 1,5gr% minimum 9,9gr%; nilai hematokrit sebesar 45,2 ± 4,4%, minimum 30%. Seluruh subjek memiliki nilai Pb darah di atas 10 μgr% termasuk 16 wanita dalam usia subur. Secara umum tidak ditemukan asosiasi yang bermakna antara kadartimbel darah terhadap kadar hemoglobin dan hematokrit. Asosiasi yang tidak bermakna antara kadar timbel darah terhadap kadar dan abnormalitas hemoglobin dan hematokrit bersesuaian dengan hasil studi peneliti lainnya yang menyatakan bahwa hubungan bersifat tidak bermakna padakadar Pb darah di bawah 40 μgr%.Kata kunci: Timbel dalam darah, hemoglobin, hematokrit, baku mutu lingkunganAbstractA study on the association of lead in blood and haemoglobin and hematocrit value as a measure of anaemia among toll booth workers at Jagorawi Jakarta, has been conducted. The rational of the study is that high aerial lead content has been reported by the Jakarta environmental authority and health literature indicates that lead is toxic to human hemopoeitic system. The toll booth workers are exposed to air pollutants in their day to day work. One hundred workers, randomly selected, participated in the study. On the haemoglobin concentration, 12% of the study subjects were categorized as anaemia, while on hematocrit values 10% were considered as anaemia. Blood lead concentrations found in this study were 20,1 ± 1,1 (mean ± SD) μgr% and the maximum value was 22,9μgr%. The haemoglobin values were 15,2 ± 1,5gr% with a minimum of 9,9gr%, while the hematocrit values were 45,2 ± 4,4% with a minimum of 30%. All blood lead values were above 10μgr% including 16 women of child-bearing age. In general, no association was found between blood lead and haemoglobin and hematocrit values. This discovery is in line with other studies which found that there is no meaningful association between blood lead and anaemia when the blood lead concentrations were below 40 μgr%.Key words: Blood lead, haemoglobin, hematocrit, environmental qualitystandards

Transforaminal Epidural Blood Patch

Spinal headache is an occasional, but painful complication of epidural injection procedures due to dural puncture that allows leakage of CSF from the thecal sac, thereby reducing intracranial pressure. In the event of failure of conservative management, (e.g. abdominal binder, fluids, acetaminophen), an epidural blood patch is often used. This case report describes a patient with spinal headache after a transforaminal selective epidural injection in a post laminectomy patient that was treated with a transforaminal epidural blood patch after the failure of conservative management. The patient underwent left transforaminal epidural injections at L5 and S1 for management of chronic low back pain secondary to post laminectomy syndrome. Three days later, the patient presented with a severe post lumbar puncture headache and failed to respond to conservative management. Interlaminar epidural approach for blood patch was not feasible secondary to prior laminectomy. Transforaminal epidural blood patch was performed utilizing 2 mL of autologous blood at each of the two sites. The patient recovered well without headache. In cases, with inability to perform interlaminar blood patch, a transforaminal approach may be considered. Key words: blood patch, epidural, spinal headache, transforaminal

Haemoglobin, Blood Volume, Cardiac Function, and Aerobic Power

Alterations in [Hb], which are mediated through changes in arterial oxygen content, and alterations in BV, which are mediated through changes in cardiac output [Formula: see text] have a significant effect on both [Formula: see text] and aerobic performance. If BV is held constant, a decrease in [Hb] (anaemia) causes a decrease in [Formula: see text] and aerobic performance, while an increase in [Hb] (blood doping) causes an increase in [Formula: see text] and aerobic performance. If [Hb] is held constant, an increase in BV can cause an increase in both [Formula: see text] and aerobic performance, while a decrease in BV can cause a decrease in both [Formula: see text] and aerobic performance. In addition, an increase in BV can compensate for moderate reductions in [Hb] through increases in [Formula: see text], allowing [Formula: see text] to remain unchanged or even increase. Also, a large portion of the difference in the enhanced cardiovascular function of endurance athletes is due to their high BV and the resultant enhancement of diastolic function. Hence, optimizing both [Hb] and BV is a very important consideration for endurance performance. Key words: blood doping, sport anemia, stroke volume

Association Between Aerobic Capacity and Carotid-Cardiac Baroreflex Responsiveness in Women

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the positive correlation between carotid-cardiac baroreflex responsiveness and aerobic capacity [Formula: see text] that has been reported in men also occurs in women. Carotid-cardiac baroreflex responsiveness was tested in 40 healthy, normotensive women (age 18-35), using the variable neck pressure technique. Participants were subdivided into endurance-trained (ET; n = 11) and untrained (UT; n = 9) groups. No significant between-group difference was found in the range or gain of the carotid-cardiac baroreflex response despite a lower resting HR in the ET group. When participants were subdivided into high (HI: n = 13) and low (LO; n = 17) responders based on reflex RRI responses to CTP changes, no significant between-group differences were found in resting HR or [Formula: see text] levels. It was concluded that aerobic capacity [Formula: see text] is not a good predictor of cardiac-carotid baroreflex responsiveness in healthy women. Key words: blood pressure, endurance exercise training, aerobic capacity, carotid transmural pressure, arterial baroreflex

A Review of Effects of Hypothyroidism on Vascular Transport in Skeletal Muscle During Exercise

Hypothyroidism is a common thyroid disease characterized by exercise intolerance. Both exercise capacity and endurance are compromised in the hypothyroid state. Studies involving rats performing treadmill running have shown that blood flows during exercise to high oxidative, extensor-type muscles are lower in hypothyroid rats compared with those in euthyroid rats. Abnormal cardiac and vascular function appear to contribute to this hxpoperfusion. Experiments involving isolated arterial vessel segments have demonstrated that potential for constriction is normal in vessels from hypothyroid animals; however, reduced vasodilator potential is associated with hypothyroidism. Dysfunction of both endothelium and vascular smooth muscle appear to contribute to blunted potential for vasodilation. Altered ability to generate vasodilatory substances and/or changes in responses to these vasodilators may account for vascular dysfunction. It appears that impaired vascular function interacts with other factors such as poor myocardial function and changes in energy metabolism to compromise exercise tolerance. Key words: blood flow, vasodilation, endothelium, smooth muscle, cGMP

BLOOD HORMONE CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH PUBERTY IN THE FEMALE PIG

Serum concentrations of reproductive hormones were determined in gilts around puberty. LH levels were low prior to pubertal estrus. FSH concentrations were high on day −5, decreased by day −1, then peaked simultaneously with the presumed preovulatory LH surge; a further increase was observed on day 3 of the first estrous cycle. Progesterone levels were consistently low prior to pubertal estrus and rose dramatically following ovulation. Peak levels of estrogen occurred between day −1 and day +1 of pubertal estrus. Key words: Blood hormone changes, puberty, female pig

Arterial supply to the esophagus of Black Bengal goat

To study the blood supply to the esophagus of Black Bengal goat a research was conducted in the Department of Anatomy and Histology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202 with 12 Black Bengal goats of over 6 months of age of both sexes. The esophagus of Black Bengal goat was sampled at six sites- cranial cervical, middle cervical, caudal cervical, at the level of thoracic inlet, at the middle mediastinum and at the level of cardia. The arteries supplying the cervical and thoracic part of the esophagus came from the left common carotid and esophageal artery respectively. The esophageal artery arose from the thoracic aorta independently in Black Bengal goat. Key words: Blood supply, esophagus, Black Bengal goat  doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2342 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 229-230

Effect of smoking on blood and semen lead level in male partners of infertile couple

Key words: blood lead levels; semen lead level; smoking in infertile patientdoi: 10.3329/jcmcta.v19i2.3862Journal of Chittagong Medical College Teachers' Association 2008: 19(2):3-6