Preparing for the Worst: Attention is Enhanced Prior to Any Upcoming Emotional or Neutral Stimulus

Do people allocate more or fewer attentional resources when preparing for negative emotional visual stimuli to appear? In three experiments (total N = 150), participants performed a change-detection task while expecting a neutral, threatening, disgusting, or joyful stimulus or no stimulus to appear at a fixed moment. Responses to an infrequent dot probe were faster when participants were expecting a distracting stimulus. Importantly, although only negative stimuli impaired change-detection performance, there was no difference between the preparation effect for threatening and neutral stimuli (Experiment 1) or disgusting and joyful stimuli (Experiment 3). The preparation effects were also unaffected by the participant’s anxiety level. Experiment 2 confirmed that the threatening images affected performance when the dot probe appeared after the image. These results suggest that the visual system increases alertness in response to any upcoming stimulus and further imply that the effects of emotional stimuli largely occur after, but not before, the stimuli appear.

SOLUTION OF PRIVATE TASKS OF CYLINDRICAL SHEAR WAVES (in the case of the distribution of constant values γ-α + 2> 0 and α = β)

Many studies usually use two methods to determine wave characteristics. First-The instantaneous state of the medium corresponding to a certain fixed moment of time is investigated. Second-The change in time of the state of the body in question at some fixed point is investigated. If studies are carried out taking into account the rheological properties of the material of the system in question or, if there is an environment surrounding the system, which also generally exhibits rheological properties, the use of these methods is significantly difficult. In such cases, the influence of rheological parameters on the components of the complex phase velocity at certain values of the vibration frequencies is studied.

Stability defect estimation for sets in a game approach problem in a fixed moment

We study the game problem of approaching a control system with a target set at a fixed point in time. The question of estimating from below the stability defect of a set in the position space weakly invariant with respect to a finite set of unification differential inclusions is discussed.

‘Diagrams of Motion’: Stop-Motion Animation as a Form of Kinetic Sculpture in the Short Films of Jan Švankmajer and the Brothers Quay

Jean-Luc Godard wrote that ‘The cinema is not an art which films life; the cinema is something between art and life’ (cited in Roud’s, 2010, biography of Godard), an observation particularly true of stop-motion animation. The filmmakers discussed in this essay, Jan Švankmajer and the Brothers Quay, share a fascination with the latent content of found objects; they believe that forgotten toys, discarded tools and other such objects contain echoes of past experiences. Extrapolating Švankmajer’s belief that memories are imparted to the objects we touch, the manipulation of his found objects as puppets in his films becomes a means of evoking and repurposing their latent content, just as the Quays develop their dreamlike films from the psychic content they perceive in their armatures. Making a case study of a selection of these animators’ short films, this article examines the practice of stop-motion animation against that of kinetic sculpture, unpicking the complexities of the relationship between the inherently static mediums of sculpture and photography – symbolic of a fixed moment in time – and that of stop-motion animation, a temporal pocket in which these fossilized moments are revived once more.

Derrida's Matrix: The Births of Deconstruction

Many of Derrida's formative texts from 1967 about writing, the trace, supplementarity, death, and différance feature striking liminal references to the figure of the mother and are implicitly haunted by the question of birth. In a pivotal passage of De la grammatologie, Derrida links the very futurity of deconstruction to the emergence of ‘a reading discipline to be born’. In this essay, I show that through his readings of the ‘birth of language’ in Lévi-Strauss and Rousseau, Derrida implicitly invites us to relate the inscription of this ‘discipline of reading yet to be born’ to a deconstructive writing of birth that still remains to be read. Birth, as it emerges through this re-reading of the 1967 texts, can neither be conceived as a fixed moment of past plenitude nor contained by a natural, human figure. Instead, it is an exorbitantly exorbitant supplement that is temporally dislocated, iterative, and fissured with non-being.

Dynamics of the Oscillative Solution for a Non-Linear Ecosystem with Impulsive Perturbation

In the present paper, we investigate an impulsive predator-prey model of integrated pest management(IPM) strategy. Other than the general Holling's functional response, an S-shaped mixed functional response is considered, simultaneously, we model this system assuming that the releasing of nature enemies and spraying of pesticides are impulsive at different fixed moment, which is more realistic comparing with at the same time. With the help of Floquet's theorem, small amplitude perturbation skills and comparison theorem involving multiple Liapunov functions, we show that under some sufficient conditions, the system exists an oscillative pest eradication periodic solution, which is local stable and globally attractive. Otherwise, the system is permanent. This result(threshold) provides us a very useful information for the control of ecosystem.

An Integrated Probabilistic Model for Assessing a Nanocomponent's Reliability

We construct an integrated probabilistic model to capture interactions between atoms of a nanocomponent. We then use this model to assess reliabilities of nanocomponents with different structures. Several properties of our proposed model are also described under a sparseness condition. The model is an extension of our previous model based on Markovian random field theory. The proposed integrated model is flexible in that pairwise relationship information among atoms as well as features of individual atoms can be easily incorporated. An important feature that distinguishes the integrated probabilistic model from our previous model is that the integrated approach uses all available sources of information with different weights for different types of interaction. In this paper we consider the nanocomponent at a fixed moment of time, say the present moment, and we assume that the present state of the nanocomponent depends only on the present states of its atoms.

An Integrated Probabilistic Model for Assessing a Nanocomponent's Reliability

We construct an integrated probabilistic model to capture interactions between atoms of a nanocomponent. We then use this model to assess reliabilities of nanocomponents with different structures. Several properties of our proposed model are also described under a sparseness condition. The model is an extension of our previous model based on Markovian random field theory. The proposed integrated model is flexible in that pairwise relationship information among atoms as well as features of individual atoms can be easily incorporated. An important feature that distinguishes the integrated probabilistic model from our previous model is that the integrated approach uses all available sources of information with different weights for different types of interaction. In this paper we consider the nanocomponent at a fixed moment of time, say the present moment, and we assume that the present state of the nanocomponent depends only on the present states of its atoms.

Assessing a Linear Nanosystem's Limiting Reliability from its Components

Nanosystems are devices that are in the size range of a billionth of a meter (1 x 10-9) and therefore are built necessarily from individual atoms. The one-dimensional nanosystems or linear nanosystems cover all the nanosized systems which possess one dimension that exceeds the other two dimensions, i.e. extension over one dimension is predominant over the other two dimensions. Here only two of the dimensions have to be on the nanoscale (less than 100 nanometers). In this paper we consider the structural relationship between a linear nanosystem and its atoms acting as components of the nanosystem. Using such information, we then assess the nanosystem's limiting reliability which is, of course, probabilistic in nature. We consider the linear nanosystem at a fixed moment of time, say the present moment, and we assume that the present state of the linear nanosystem depends only on the present states of its atoms.