RESEARCH ON LUBRICATION PROPERTIES OF SELECTED RAW PLANT AND ANIMAL MATERIALS

The article presents the results of research on lubrication properties of rapeseed oil, methyl esters of rapeseed oil, as well as esters with goose fat. Rapeseed oil has a better lubrication properties in relation to methyl esters of rapeseed oil. Addition of goose fat to esters negatively affected their lubrication properties. The presented results confirm a relationship between the degree of unsaturated and lubricated properties. Among the tested compounds with oxygen groups (COOH, COOCH3, C = O), the oleic acid (with a COOH group) characterised the best lubricity. The fat goose, which contains the least amount of unsaturated fatty acid esters, proved to be ineffective addition lubricity between the factor lubricants analysis.

The impact of the temperature of rapeseed oil methyl esters on nitrogen oxides emissions

The purpose of the tests described in this publication was to examine the effect of the temperature of the biodiesel burned, resulting from the transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol, on the level of nitrogen oxides emissions. The tests were carried out on a test stand equipped with a 9.5 kW engine. Electricity was transffered directly to the power grid. The measurements were started after the engine has warmed up, when the oil temperature exceeded 85°C. In the first stage, the engine was loaded with the maximum achievable torque (100%), in the second stage the torque was set at 75% of the maximum value, and for measurements in the third stage the torque was 50% of the maximum value. Three tests were carried out, one for each of the three fuel temperatures: 20, 40 and 55°C.

Use of Water-Fuel Mixture in Diesel Engines at Fishing Vessels

The paper presents the laboratory test results determining physical parameters of fuel mixture made up of petroleum diesel oil, rapeseed oil methyl esters (up to 20%) and water (up to 2.5%). The obtained parameters prove that adding bio-components (rapeseed oil methyl esters) and water to fuel does not result in deterioration of their physical and chemical properties and are comparable to base fuel parameters, namely petroleum diesel oil. The mixture was a subject of bench testing with the use of a self-ignition engine by means of pre-catalytic fuel treatment. The treatment process consisted in fuel - catalytically active material direct contact on the atomizer body. At the comparable operational parameters for the engine, the obtained exhaust gases opacity was lower up to 60% due to the preliminary fuel mixture treatment in relation to the factory-made fuel injection system using petroleum diesel oil.

Chosen aspects of biofuel usage on the example of camelina oil methyl ester

Camelina is the oil plant, from which the oil subjected to the esterification process can be used as motor fuel to diesel engines or as a bio-component added to traditional fuels. This fuel can be considered as a renewable fuel that can be bio-component for petroleum fuels. The article describes the characteristics of this fuel, and presents selected results of engine tests of camelina oil methyl ester compared with diesel fuel and rapeseed oil methyl esters. The interesting results that would require in the future to increase the interest in this type of fuel were obtained.

THE PROBLEMS OF USING ALCOHOL BIOFUEL MIXTURES IN THE LITHUANIAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM

The article presents the technological aspects of the problems aimed at using alcohol biofuel mixtures in diesel engines kept in operation in Lithuania concerning a gradual replacement of fuel oils with biofuels. It is shown that three‐component fuels such as D‐RME‐E possess the motor characteristics close to mineral diesel fuel. The use of the EC standardized rapeseed oil methyl esters RME as a solvent allows compensating the unfavorable motor characteristics of ethanol E and increasing the number of biocomponents in the fuel at the same time. The key aspects of research on the indicator process and the operating characteristics of diesel engines running on alcohol biofuel mixtures are substantiated.