Externalization Of Systematic Values of Wahyu Hidayatullah - In Constructing Miniature Islamic Civilization

The values of the Systematic of Revelation as the basic -/pattern according to what the Hidayatullah - understands, believes, and practices in carrying out the process of social creation of a miniature Islamic Civilization are the topic of this study. The purpose of this research is to examine the process of externalizing Systematic Wahyu ideals like the Hidayatullah -' - in carrying out social construction activities in a tiny Islamic civilisation. This research looks at the reality of the Hidayatullah - congregation's consciousness, which reveals things about reality and the interpretation of the Systematic of Revelation as a -/archetype that is employed as a social construction reference. The process of externalizing the values of Systematic Revelation is a conscious, structured, and systematic effort by Hidayatullah actors to create humans as abdullah (servants of Allah) and caliph (representatives) of Allah SWT on earth, based on revelation's guidance, in order to build Islamic civilization. The Islamic boarding School Campus is employed as a model of Islamic civilisation, with all cadres, members of the congregation, and their students demonstrating faith in all parts of everyday life. Internalized Hidayatullah players objected to the values that are consistently presented and then generate cadres capable of providing enormous advantages to society. This corresponds to Berger's notion that human selfhood cannot possibly remain silent within itself, in a closed sphere, before moving outside to express itself in the world around it. Externalization is essentially what human selfhood is accomplishing.

ISOTOPY AND HOMEOMORPHISM OF CLOSED SURFACE BRAIDS

The closure of a braid in a closed orientable surface Ʃ is a link in Ʃ × S1. We classify such closed surface braids up to isotopy and homeomorphism (with a small indeterminacy for isotopy of closed sphere braids), algebraically in terms of the surface braid group. We find that in positive genus, braids close to isotopic links if and only if they are conjugate, and close to homeomorphic links if and only if they are in the same orbit of the outer action of the mapping class group on the surface braid group modulo its centre.

Conclusion

The imperial government was able to focus solely on French national interests in determining its policy on the American crisis, without taking into account public opinion, because the antidemocratic nature of the Second Empire meant that decision-makers discussed external affairs in the closed sphere of the Quai d’Orsay or the Tuileries Palace. To determine its course of action during the American Civil War, the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs therefore relied solely on its assessment of how France could best benefit from the situation created by the crisis, a judgment that it based on the dispatches of its diplomats and consuls. No advantage could be gained from a division of the Union; no valid reason could prompt the French Foreign Ministry to side with the states in rebellion. While Napoleon III hoped for a victory for the secessionists in order to further his own “grand design” in Mexico, he had to revise his American policy under the influence of his foreign ministers, who made him realize that France would not benefit from U.S. dismemberment. Nonintervention prevailed, revealing the powers of persuasion of Thouvenel and Drouyn de Lhuys.

Rationalisation of the geometry for production of the 80-m glazed Sphere for the Expo 2017 in Astana

The emblematic entrance pavilion for the Expo 2017 in Astana is the so-called ‘Sphere’, which with its 80-m diameter is worldwide the largest closed sphere completely covered with glass. The continuous external surface of the Sphere was designed to be built with spherically curved glass panels of parallelogramic shape. The panels are fixed at their perimeter to a structural grid of bent round tubes of steel. This secondary grid is fixed in turn to a coarser primary structural grid at evenly spaced supports. The purpose of this article is to give insight into the constructive geometry design of the Sphere. One of the main targets of ‘geometric design for production’ is to specify the geometry of a construction in such a way that fabrication and installation procedures can be simplified and carried out with a minimum of effort, cost and time. The main measure for the Sphere was to simplify the basic grid by replacing all original three-dimensional free-form curves with series of interconnected circular arcs. Thus, a typical curved tubular segment could be bent on the plane with a constant radius. A further approach to get a simple and sound construction eliminating geometric torsion and minimising eccentricities among construction subsystems, for example, glazing, sealing, fixings and substructure, was the extensive usage of conical systems inherent in the geometry of the sphere for orienting and positioning the various subsystems components. These two geometric simplification measures were determinant for the practical and economic implementation of the construction, fabrication and installation of the Sphere.

Factionalism Observed: Behind the “Face” of Harmony in a Chinese Community

The importance of “face” (lien or mien-tzu) has long been recognized as a prime determinant of Chinese behavioural patterns whether those of an individual or of a group. We also know that the Confucian emphasis on “harmony” (ho-p'ing) has long constituted a basic ideal in Chinese inter-personal relations. Recently social scientists have drawn attention to “impression management” and to the relatively great disparities in some societies between an individual's or group's “front region,” “front-stage” or “public sphere” behaviour and the contradictory “back region,” “back-stage” or “closed sphere” behaviour. Applying these concepts in a Chinese society which still purports to uphold Confucian ideals we find that the front-stage impression a group seeks and often manages to convey is one of unity and harmony. Closer inspection may reveal, however, that, back-stage, factionalism is rife.

On functions of bounded variation relative to a set

The present paper on functions of bounded variation relative to a set has its point of departure in the work of R. L. Jeffery [10]. Below we recapitulate Jeffery's class U of functions of bounded variation relative to a set, we state and prove a number of preliminary lemmas and theorems, we introduce a suitable pseudo- metric space (X, d) of such functions, and the analogous space , and prove that (X, d) is separable, that every closed sphere in (X, d) is compact and that is complete. These results extend known results of C. R. Adams, and C. R. Adams and A. P. Morse for the space of usual BV functions.