ANALYSIS OF GEOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS VARIATIONS AND SEISMIC EVENTS AT THE POINT OF DEEP MAGNETOTELLURIC SOUNDING

The paper considers the results of processing and analysis of data from deep magnetotelluric soundings (DMT) performed in 2018. Comparison of variations in apparent resistivity, the endogenous component of the magnetotelluric field, lunar-solar tidal deformations and seismic events that were recorded during the research. The objective of the study is to detect the relationship between the appearance of variations in electromagnetic parameters of the data of magnetotelluric monitoring from the occurred earthquakes, their distance, energy class and position, relative to the DMT point.

ANALYSIS OF GEOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS VARIATIONS AND SEISMIC EVENTS AT THE POINT OF DEEP MAGNETOTELLURIC SOUNDING

The paper considers the results of processing and analysis of data from deep magnetotelluric soundings (DMT) performed in 2018. Comparison of variations in apparent resistivity, the endogenous component of the magnetotelluric field, lunar-solar tidal deformations and seismic events that were recorded during the research. The objective of the study is to detect the relationship between the appearance of variations in electromagnetic parameters of the data of magnetotelluric monitoring from the occurred earthquakes, its’ distance, energy class and position, relative to the DMT point.

Large-scale dynamics of perceptual decision information across human cortex

Perceptual decisions entail the accumulation of sensory evidence for a particular choice towards an action plan. An influential framework holds that sensory cortical areas encode the instantaneous sensory evidence and downstream, action-related regions accumulate this evidence. The large-scale distribution of this computation across the cerebral cortex has remained largely elusive. Here, we develop a regionally-specific magnetoencephalography decoding approach to exhaustively map the dynamics of stimulus- and choice-specific signals across the human cortical surface during a visual decision. Comparison with the evidence accumulation dynamics inferred from behavior disentangles stimulus-dependent and endogenous components of choice-predictive activity across the visual cortical hierarchy. We find such an endogenous component in early visual cortex (including V1), which is expressed in a low (<20 Hz) frequency band and tracks, with delay, the build-up of choice-predictive activity in (pre-) motor regions. Our results are consistent with choice- and frequency-specific cortical feedback signaling during decision formation.

A direct role for SNX9 in the biogenesis of filopodia

Filopodia are finger-like actin-rich protrusions that extend from the cell surface and are important for cell–cell communication and pathogen internalization. The small size and transient nature of filopodia combined with shared usage of actin regulators within cells confounds attempts to identify filopodial proteins. Here, we used phage display phenotypic screening to isolate antibodies that alter the actin morphology of filopodia-like structures (FLS) in vitro. We found that all of the antibodies that cause shorter FLS interact with SNX9, an actin regulator that binds phosphoinositides during endocytosis and at invadopodia. In cells, we discover SNX9 at specialized filopodia in Xenopus development and that SNX9 is an endogenous component of filopodia that are hijacked by Chlamydia entry. We show the use of antibody technology to identify proteins used in filopodia-like structures, and a role for SNX9 in filopodia.

Large-scale Dynamics of Perceptual Decision Information across Human Cortex

Perceptual decisions entail the accumulation of sensory evidence for a particular choice towards an action plan. An influential framework holds that sensory cortical areas encode the instantaneous sensory evidence and downstream, action-related regions accumulate this evidence. The large-scale distribution of this computation across the cerebral cortex has remained largely elusive. We developed a regionally-specific magnetoencephalography decoding approach to exhaustively map the dynamics of stimulus- and choice-specific signals across the human cortical surface during a visual decision. Comparison with the evidence accumulation dynamics inferred from behavior enabled us to disentangle stimulus-dependent and endogenous components of choice-predictive activity across the visual cortical hierarchy. The endogenous component was present in primary visual cortex, expressed in a low (< 20 Hz) frequency-band, and its time course tracked, with delay, the build-up of choice-predictive activity in (pre-)motor regions. Our results are consistent with choice-specific cortical feedback signaling in a specific frequency channel during decision formation.

Cytomembrane-mimicking nanocarriers with a scaffold consisting of a CD44-targeted endogenous component for effective asparaginase supramolecule delivery

Cytomembrane-mimicking nanocarriers with a scaffold consisting of a CD44-targeted endogenous component were applied to effectively deliver asparaginase supramolecule.

A direct role for SNX9 in the biogenesis of filopodia

SummaryFilopodia are finger-like actin-rich protrusions that extend from the cell surface and are important for cell-cell communication and pathogen internalization. The small size and transient nature of filopodia combined with shared usage of actin regulators within cells confounds attempts to identify filopodial proteins. Here, we used phage display phenotypic screening to isolate antibodies that alter the actin morphology of filopodia-like structures in vitro. We found that all of the antibodies that cause shorter FLS interact with SNX9, an actin regulator that binds phosphoinositides during endocytosis and in invadopodia. In cells, we discover SNX9 at specialised filopodia in Xenopus development and that SNX9 is an endogenous component of filopodia that are hijacked by Chlamydia entry. We show the use of antibody technology to identify proteins used in filopodia-like structures, and a role for SNX9 in filopodia.

Fabric Hand-Feel Evaluation Based on Neurophysiology: An Event-Related Potential Study

Fabric hand-feel is an important indicator of textile comprehensive evaluation. In the past century, many achievements have been made in characterization and evaluation of fabric hand-feel. With the development of experimental methods, the electrophysiological technique was used in exploring the formation mechanism and cognitive principle of fabric hand-feel. In this paper, event-related potential (ERP) technique was used in revealing the difference of handfeel between polyester and silk. The exogenous component P2 showed that polyester caused more excitability in human brain. However, the endogenous component P3 indicated that silk caused more soft and comfortable feelings. Even more amazingly, touching fabrics caused significant activation of the visual cortex from the Brain Electrical Activity Mapping (BEAM), and it is also shown that the potential distribution evoked by grasping silk is wider than the polyester’s. All the experiment results show that potential variation of the cerebral cortex is closely related to perceptual cognition and process. All the above findings show that event-related potential technique is feasible and effective in detecting the differences of tactile cognition, and it provides objective evidence from neurophysiologic in fabric hand-feel research.

Inhibition of Return, but Not Facilitation, Disappears Under Vigilance Decrease Due to Sleep Deprivation

In this study, we assessed whether unspecific attention processes signaled by general reaction times (RTs), as well as specific facilitatory (validity or facilitation effect) and inhibitory (inhibition of return, IOR) effects involved in the attentional orienting network, are affected by low vigilance due to both circadian factors and sleep deprivation (SD). Eighteen male participants performed a cuing task in which peripheral cues were nonpredictive about the target location and the cue-target interval varied at three levels: 200 ms, 800 ms, and 1,100 ms. Facilitation with the shortest and IOR with the longest cue-target intervals were observed in the baseline session, thus replicating previous related studies. Under SD condition, RTs were generally slower, indicating a reduction in the participants’ arousal level. The inclusion of a phasic alerting tone in several trials partially compensated for the reduction in tonic alertness, but not with the longest cue-target interval. With regard to orienting, whereas the facilitation effect due to reflexive shifts of attention was preserved with sleep loss, the IOR was not observed. These results suggest that the decrease of vigilance produced by SD affects both the compensatory effects of phasic alerting and the endogenous component involved in disengaging attention from the cued location, a requisite for the IOR effect being observed.