SURVEYING THE EFFECT OF GAS-VENT HOLE DIAMETER AND CLEARANCE BETWEEN PISTON AND CYLINDER ON AUTOMATIC FIRING SYSTEM OF 23mm ЗY23-2

On the basis of analyzing the real model 23mm ЗY23-2, the paper chooses an alternative physics model, building a mathematical modeling dynamics, set up a system of equations and solve to find the cycle of operation on automatic firing system, change some parameters of cylinder and study on its effect to do automatic firing system; besides surveying the effect of gas-vent hole diameter and clearance between piston and cylinder on automatic firing system of 23mm ЗY23-2. The research method is based on the calculation theory to ensure compliance with the manufacturer's gun design and use documents.

Devising a procedure for justifying the need for samples of weapons and weapon target assignment when using a reconnaissance firing system

This paper proposes an algorithm to substantiate the need for weapons samples, as well as targeting when using a reconnaissance firing system taking into consideration the peculiarities of functioning of such systems. The algorithm essentially implies streamlining the stages in determining the magnitude of the reduction of the enemy's combat potential and, on its basis, the formation of the need for the number of weapons by type. The algorithm makes it possible to take into consideration the nonlinearity of functions that describe both different types of weapons and targets. In addition, this algorithm is based on a modified method of nonlinear programming (two functions). The modification involves the use of a normalized share of the weight of each target as weight coefficients. This allows for targeting while taking into consideration the established level of the combat potential of an enemy. A procedure for determining the need for samples of weapons and targeting in the use of reconnaissance firing systems has been devised. It was determined that in order to achieve the goal of enemy fire damage, it is not typically necessary to use all weapons samples. In general, the procedure makes it possible to take into consideration the peculiarities of the samples of weapons and their suitability to hit a certain target. That could prevent problems with overspending of resources, failures in the detection-defeat cycle, non-fulfillment (not fully performing) tasks during enemy fire damage. In general, the algorithm and procedure for determining the need for the samples of weapons and targeting when using a reconnaissance firing system testify to devising a methodology for justifying the need for weapons samples and targeting. The performance and adequacy of this procedure have been tested by considering an example of determining the need for weapons samples and targeting and obtaining the result confirmed by the experience in the use of reconnaissance firing systems

Designing a Firing Control System on S-60 57mm Cannon

The firing system on the S-60 57mm cannon uses the foot of the cannon crew, which is very dangerous with the position of the crew on top of the cannon when firing. So, a firing system that can be remotely controlled by a computer is required. The design of the S-60 57mm gun firing control system uses a personal computer (PC) as the firing command input, with data communication using WiFi received by the Atmega8535 microcontroller as a voltage regulator for solenoids. The solenoid has a tensile force to drive the hydraulic system where the actuator functions to drive the firing cylinder. Accelero sensor MMA7361, as a variable controller in firing, provides input data simulating the tilt position of the cannon, the position of the 0g sensor is simulated by the cannon in a balanced position. From the test results, there is a difference in sensor designation data with arc angles i.e., angle X by 2.83 degrees and angle Y by 1.86 degrees. The magnetic field produced by the solenoid 0.53 T can attract a maximum load of 20 kg. By changing the distance ratio of mechanical lever to 39.11 cm and 8.89 cm, the solenoid can drive an 88-kg firing cylinder.

Dynamics of Short Recoil-Operated Weapon

In this article, the authors mentioned the function of short-recoil-operated weapons with a vertical sliding-wedge breechblock. The dynamic simulation was conducted and then the results were compared with the corresponding experimental data to verify reliability of the model. The model is calculated and tested out on the 37 mm twin anti-aircraft gun. Besides, the article presents the effect of some structural parameters on functionality of the automatic weapon. The reported results are an important theoretical basis to determine the rate of fire and the forces acting on the guns. The movement of the breechblock also affects stability of the weapon and can therefore be used to a math model or to simulate the movement of the weapon. Calculated and verified data could be used for the design of an automatic firing system as well as for solving vibration on automatic guns when burst firing.

Firework Launcher Application System In Dangdut Orches Show Using Arduino Based On Android

One of the current trending phenomena is performances or celebratory activities that are enlivened by lighting fireworks. The ignition of fireworks is usually done using a remote firework lighter (firing system) or even manually if the lighter is having problems/not working. It is still possible for operator accidents to be burned by fireworks. In addition to security issues, remote fireworks lighters are quite expensive. Therefore, to avoid security problems and the relatively high price, it is necessary to create or build a firework launcher system that is safe and inexpensive. The purpose of this study is to create a firework launcher application system for dangdut orchestra performances using an Android-based Arduino. In this study, an application has been produced that can make it easier for operators of fireworks lighters in dangdut orchestras to light fireworks more safely and cheaply. This application has been running smoothly and without problems. The benefit of this research is that the results of this application design can be used as a reference for other related research in the future.

Maximizing Injection Performance Through Fit-for-Purpose Dynamic Underbalance Perforation Using Unconventional Gun System in Offshore Well, Sarawak, Malaysia

The perforation strategy of Dynamic Underbalance (DUB) created the surging effect to remove debris from the perforation tunnels, thus reducing skin for optimal injectivity in this offshore development water injector well in Malay Basin, Offshore Sarawak. The objective was to inject up to 18,000 bwpd for pressure maintenance purposes. In the design phase, perforation software was used to perform the simulation iterations by sensitizing on the number of empty tubing conveyed perforation (TCP) gun chambers added at the top and bottom of perforation intervals. However, due to small gun size (4-½ in.), limited rat hole length and high static underbalance (1,000 psig), the desired amount of DUB using conventional empty gun volume only was not possible to be achieved. As a result, an innovative approach using two Pressure Operated Tester Valves (POTV's) was proposed, to create additional empty space inside the tubular between the POTVs above the packer. However, this created additional challenges which had to be overcome. Presence of empty tubulars in between the POTVs prevented the required hydraulic pressure transmission through the tubulars to activate the perforation guns via normal hydraulic TCP firing head. Therefore, a specialized firing system was required, which consisted of an acoustic communication system triggering downhole electronics to actuate a standard TCP firing head (Top-Fire Dual) - a first for this type of firing head. The POTV was activated by applying a pre-set annular pressure. Opening lower POTV, after the perforation fired, will create the required DUB surge, around 1,000 psi, which help cleaning up the perforation tunnels. Downhole fast gauges (recording in microseconds range) were run as part of the assembly to measure and to confirm the created DUB effect. Both fast gauges as well as acoustic gauges confirmed that 300 psi DUB was created upon gun firing and around 1,000 psi surging was achieved after the two POTVs were opened. Maximum losses recorded at 525 gallons per minute were observed following perforation. The well's injectivity performance was evaluated by performing step rate test and the result confirmed the well was able to meet higher injection rate than the plan.

Devising a procedure for substantiating the type and volume of redundant structural-functional elements of reconnaissance-firing systems

This paper proposes an algorithm for substantiating the type and volume of redundant structural and functional elements of reconnaissance-firing systems, taking into consideration the operational patterns of such systems. Underlying this algorithm is the combination of survivability assessment methods and reliability assessment methods. Such an arrangement aimed to improve the efficiency of the application of these methods and reduce uncertainty in the calculations. The results from calculating an example of the application of a procedure for substantiating the type and volume of redundant structural and functional elements of reconnaissance-firing systems have been analyzed. The analysis of the results shows that the set task is fulfilled, in particular the specified probability of trouble-free functioning of a reconnaissance-firing system, with a combined type of redundancy. Moreover, it implies giving preference to passive redundancy, using active one only to critical elements – individual functional elements of the control subsystem. The advantage of a mixed type of redundancy over a passive redundancy is 28 %. In addition, it has been established that the multiplicity of redundancy, for accepted conditions, should not be lower than 2. A procedure for substantiating the type and volume of redundant structural and functional elements of reconnaissance-firing systems has been devised, taking into consideration the operational patterns of such systems. The specified procedure includes an algorithm, as well as methods for assessing survivability and methods for assessing the reliability of functioning. This procedure was tested for feasibility by considering an example of justifying the type and volume of redundant structural and functional elements of reconnaissance-firing systems that produced an adequate result. The result has been confirmed by the practical application of reconnaissance-firing systems in recent armed conflicts

Devising a procedure for justifying the choice of reconnaissance-firing systems

This paper reports a study into the special features of military (combat) activities at the present stage of military art development. The purpose was to subsequently define the basic requirements for reconnaissance-firing systems. The features under consideration are a rapid change in the situation, competition with an enemy for winning in time, accuracy, maneuverability, secrecy. They also involve a large amount of data that must be operated when deciding on combat use (hostilities). Other attributes of modern military (combat) activities are the consistency of operations and a clear structure of subordination; independence in maintenance and positioning. These data are useful and important because they make it possible to reasonably define the requirements for reconnaissance-firing systems. This paper has defined those requirements for reconnaissance-firing systems and such criteria for their selection that are predetermined by the specificity of military (combat) activities. The most important selection criteria include efficiency, accuracy, secrecy, robustness. Several actual reconnaissance-firing systems have been analyzed in order to demonstrate the use of the methodology. Specifically, «Kropyva» (Ukraine), «ArtOS» (Ukraine), «Obolon-A» (Ukraine), «Sokil» (Poland, Ukraine). A procedure for justifying the choice of reconnaissance-firing systems has been devised, taking into consideration the conditions of military (combat) activities, based on the method involving an analytic hierarchy process. A given procedure substantiates those selection criteria that were determined on the basis of patterns in modern military activities. From a practical point of view, the proposed methodology makes it possible to significantly reduce the time for planning an operation and considerably improve the validity of decisions by a commander (chief) regarding the choice of a reconnaissance-firing system and its further use in combat activities.