Towards generative fatherhood. Analysis of the social dimensions of the phenomenon.

In the face of the changes taking place in the area of parental roles and the expanding range of possibilities of fulfilling the father role (from the uninvolved father, the mother's helper to the father as an equal parent or even the primary caregiver), there is a need to take into account individual, individual and social aspects. The concept of generative fathering, understood as equal participation in all aspects of childcare, offers such an opportunity because it refers to men's motivations and aspirations, and at the same time describes the institutional basis of changes. The presented article characterizes the factors conducive to the development of generative orientation: egalitarian relationship with child’s mother, professional work that gives space for implementation in other areas of life and the possibility of creating a satisfactory relationship with the child. Research findings relating to the links between professional work of both parents and paternal commitment, and to the participation of fathers in childcare, suggest that generativity - when analyzed in a social context - is not a common father experience.

A HPTLC Method for Determination of Anethole in Essential Oil, Methanolic Extract of Foeniculum vulgare and Commercial Herbal Products

A rapid and feasible method of HPTLC is standardized for quantification of anethole in essential oil’s extract and from herbal formulations of fennel seed. The developed densitometric HPTLC method was performed to estimate the existence of anethole in the essential oil, extract and herbal formulations of fennel with the optimized concentration of hexane: Ethyl acetate (8:2%, v/v, mobile phase) on glass coated silica gel 60 F254 plates (20 × 10 cm) scanned with the absorbance of λ260 nm under densitometric condition. The Linearity of regressions revealed a satisfactory relationship between peak area and concentration of anethole in between the range of 100-600 ng/spot. This reliable method was validated as per the ICH guidelines to fulfill the necessary parameters such as accuracy and robustness. The amount of anethole in essential oil (0.098 ± 0.002%), extract (0.101 ± 0.004%) and three herbal formulations A (0.024 ± 0.004%), C (0.019 ± 0.002%) while anethole is not detected in B formulations from fennel seed was completely estimated by the developed method. The standardized methods and its validation gave new insights of HPTLC based detection and quantification of anethole in other aromatic plants as well as in other pharmacological formulations.

Marital Satisfaction in Spanish and Dominican Couples

Marriage is an appreciated worldwide institution, although nearly half of first marriages end in divorce. Thus, the relevance of understanding how people choose their partners and what features can predict a satisfactory relationship. More specifically, in search of data supporting similarity or complementarity approaches on marital satisfaction, the current study analyzes the association between different assortative mating options (homogamy, and heterogamy) and marital satisfaction in Spanish and Dominican couples. A stratified quota sampling of 600 participants was selected, corresponding to 300 married couples (50% Spanish and 50% Dominicans). Data were gathered by means of an interview with the 10-item scale on Marital Satisfaction and a 7-item scale on Status. Results suggest that spouses are matched by similarity in their health and education and by the perception of similarity in intelligence and the financial advantages of staying together. Dominican couples experienced higher marital satisfaction than Spanish couples. Findings on hypergamy reveals the persistence of some traditional roles’ distribution among Spanish speaking cultures. The association between status and marital satisfaction revealed that heterogamy rather than homogamy is associated to such satisfaction. These results stress the relevance of taking into account social and cultural differences, beyond biological and psychological factors, to fully understand couples’ satisfaction.

Men’s expressions of health care and the assistance generated from educational health actions

In 2008, the Ministry of Health presented the National Policy for Integral Attention to Men's Health, having the development of educational activities as one of its guidelines. These activities are inserted as a means for establishing a satisfactory relationship between nurse and user in order to make them aware about the health-disease and somehow contribute on spotlighting them as the subject of transformation. This study aimed at analyzing the men’s expressions of health care and the assistance from an educational intervention carried out in a unit of the Family Health in Sinop-MT. This is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive of applied studies. The Thematic Content Analysis was used. The present project is linked to the research approved by the Ethics Committee/opinion number 568.938/2014. A deficit on the knowledge about the health theme approached was revealed. The habits/lifestyles are not set as health promoters. The “invulnerability” to diseases, the actions of health care seen as only directed to women and labor issues, influenced the search of the service, resulting in a feeling that they do not belong to it. Health Education is built as a tool for the introduction of men in the services, beside producing individuals who are knowledge holders and health promoters

3. How the EU is governed

The EU has major economic and environmental powers, and is increasingly active in foreign policy, defence, and internal security. ‘How the EU is governed’ asks: how is this power used and controlled, and how is the EU governed? The system for governing the EU, with its complex mix of intergovernmental and federal elements, makes decision-making difficult and a satisfactory relationship between the institutions and the citizens hard to achieve. The EU has, however, been able to benefit from its growing democratic elements, such as the powers of the European Parliament, and that model is still likely to continue, along with the development of the EU as a whole.

THE PARENTS OF SUCCESSFUL SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS OF TURKISH AND MOROCCAN BACKGROUND IN THE NETHERLANDS: PARENTING PRACTICES AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH PARENTS

The study focuses on academically successful 17-year-old adolescents of Turkish and Moroccan background in the Netherlands. The parenting practices of their parents are examined along with the students'relationships with their parents. One hundred and six successful and less successful adolescents of Turkish, Moroccan and Dutch background participated in the study. The successful ethnic-minority students were expected to have a better relationship with their parents and to have less authoritarian parents than did less successful students. Indeed, the successful Turkish- and Moroccan-background students appeared to have less authoritarian parents than did the less successful. Nevertheless, the successful Turkish- and Moroccan- background students had a less satisfactory relationship with their parents, probably because their success widened the social distance between them and their parents more than was the case for the other groups.

‘Temporary Gentlemen’ in the aftermath of the Great War: rank, status and the ex-officer problem

ABSTRACTThe ex-officer problem in Britain following the Great War derived its special meaning from the difficulties associated with finding a satisfactory relationship between wartime rank and postwar status. Images of social decline competed for public attention with those of social elevation. Behind these images lay a series of dilemmas about how to reconcile the social and economic effects of military promotion with the claims of democracy. The shifting usage of the term ‘temporary gentleman’ during the war reflected the changing background of those being granted commissions, and the possibilities of upward mobility produced tensions which were to persist and grow after demobilization. Government policies for ex-officers, in seeking to assist talent without perpetuating the distinctions of rank, were directly affected by such tensions. Ultimately, expectations of higher social status faded in the light of experiences which conveyed a sense of loss and decline, and ex-officers became a symbol for those who saw their pre-war social position being threatened in a less secure world. However, the ex-officer problem existed in its own right as the result of the uniquely awkward adjustments associated with being ‘de-officered’ at the same time as being demobilized.