Flow parallel synthesizer for multiplex synthesis of aryl diazonium libraries via efficient parameter screening

The development of miniaturized flow platforms would enable efficient and selective synthesis of drug and lead molecules by rapidly exploring synthetic methodologies and screening for optimal conditions, progress in which could be transformative for the field. In spite of tremendous advances made in continuous flow technology, these reported flow platforms are not devised to conduct many different reactions simultaneously. Herein, we report a metal-based flow parallel synthesizer that enables multiplex synthesis of libraries of compounds and efficient screening of parameters. This miniaturized synthesizer, equipped with a unique built-in flow distributor and n number of microreactors, can execute multiple types of reactions in parallel under diverse conditions, including photochemistry. Diazonium-based reactions are explored as a test case by distributing the reagent to 16 (n = 16) capillaries to which various building blocks are supplied for the chemistry library synthesis at the optimal conditions obtained by multiplex screening of 96 different reaction variables in reaction time, concentration, and product type. The proficiency of the flow parallel synthesizer is showcased by multiplex formation of various C–C, C–N, C–X, and C–S bonds, leading to optimization of 24 different aryl diazonium chemistries.

Production tests of the experimental sample of the universal flow distributor of stem materials from rolls on the basis of the KTU 10A feed distributor

Annotation Purpose. Improving the efficiency of the technological process of distribution of stem roll materials for feed and bedding on cattle farms with the use of universal technical means based on the feeder type KTU-10. Methods. Analysis of technological processes of distribution of stem materials for feed and litter for cattle. Experimental planning method and experimental calculation method. Results. In ZRCML NSC “IAEE” together with LLC “Orikhivsilmash” made an experimental sample on the basis of the feeder type KTU-10 with new working bodies of the current principle of action for small-volume separation and delivery of rolled stem forage and litter materials. It was tested on an existing dairy farm for 356 dairy cows with loose-box technology of keeping animals of LLC “40 years of Agro” in the village Smyrnove, Bilmatskyi district, Zaporizhia region. The use of a universal distributor based on KTU-10A on a farm for 350 cows in comparison with the Siloking Compakt mixer (10 m3) will reduce capital investment by 76.9%, specific fuel costs by 28.5%, specific operating costs by 29.5%. The estimated annual economic effect from the use of a streaming distributor when servicing 100 cows is UAH 121.3 thousand. Keywords: rotary and bitters working bodies, streaming distribution, forages, bedding, rolls, bales