A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF BLADDER TUMORS

Background: The bladder is a common site for urinary tract malignancy. Urinary bladder carcinoma is of global concern and the histopathological types and variants are of relevance for their management. This study was carried out to assess the histopathological characteristics of bladder tumors. Materials and methods: The data was collected retrospectively and prospectively to include a total of 140 urinary bladder tumor specimens. Detailed medical records of these subjects were collected, and histopathological examination was performed on the prospective samples. Results: The most common symptom of bladder tumor was hematuria. Cystoscopy results found grossly visible tumor growths in about 76% subjects. Of the total sample, 84% patients underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) surgery and the rest of them underwent cystectomy. Furthermore, the commonest histopathological type of urinary bladder carcinoma was invasive urothelial carcinoma. About 68.6% patients had high grade tumor. Most tumor growths were present on the lateral side (46.43%). In 52.86% specimens, deep muscles were involved in the tumor. Node involvement was positive in 11 (47.83%) patients. As per TNM classication, majority of the specimens were pT2bN2Mx (26.09%) and pT2bN0Mx (5, 21.74%). Tumors were detected in stage 2 (26.09%), stage 3 (30.43%) and stage 4 (39.13%). Conclusions: The most common symptom observed in patients with urinary bladder carcinoma was hematuria. Cystoscopy results found 75.71% subjects to have grossly visible tumor growths. The major histopathological type of bladder carcinoma was invasive. In 52.86% specimens, deep muscles were involved in the tumor. About 68.6% patients had high grade tumor.

Recurrence Prediction Score of the Localy Advance Breast Cancer in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy that occurs in women in the world, which is about 18% of cancer cases that occur in women. Every year there are 1 million new cases of breast cancer worldwide and nearly 60,000 patients die from this disease. Therefore, the authors want to find out more about the prognosis factors that play a role in influencing the survival of patients with locally advanced breast cancer in Padang city, West Sumatera Province Indonesia. Methods: This study is a retrospective case-control study of locally advanced breast cancer for patients in Padang city. The study was conducted at the Surgical Oncology Division of Dr. M Djamil Padang Hospital, Ropana Suri Hospital, Ibnu Sina Hospital and Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital from September 2018 to December 2018. The total number of samples for the two groups was 242 people. The sampling technique used was convenience sampling. Results: In this study 4 prognostic factors were found that had a significant effect on predicting breast cancer recurrence, namely histopathological type, stage, regional lymph and lymphovascular invasion with p <0.05. Conclusion: Prognosis factors that influence breast cancer recurrence are histopathological type, stage, regional lymph node status and lymphovascular invasion. A scoring system is obtained that is good enough to predict the possibility of breast cancer recurrence.

Recurrence Prediction Score of the Localy Advance Breast Cancer in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy that occurs in women in the world, which is about 18% of cancer cases that occur in women. Every year there are 1 million new cases of breast cancer worldwide and nearly 60,000 patients die from this disease. Therefore, the authors want to find out more about the prognosis factors that play a role in influencing the survival of patients with locally advanced breast cancer in Padang city, West Sumatera Province Indonesia. Methods: This study is a retrospective case-control study of locally advanced breast cancer for patients in Padang city. The study was conducted at the Surgical Oncology Division of Dr. M Djamil Padang Hospital, Ropana Suri Hospital, Ibnu Sina Hospital and Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital from September 2018 to December 2018. The total number of samples for the two groups was 242 people. The sampling technique used was convenience sampling. Results: In this study 4 prognostic factors were found that had a significant effect on predicting breast cancer recurrence, namely histopathological type, stage, regional lymph and lymphovascular invasion with p <0.05. Conclusion: Prognosis factors that influence breast cancer recurrence are histopathological type, stage, regional lymph node status and lymphovascular invasion. A scoring system is obtained that is good enough to predict the possibility of breast cancer recurrence.

RELATIONSHIP OF RISK FACTORS WITH HISTOPATHOLOGICAL TYPES IN CERVICAL CANCER PATIENTS IN DR SOETOMO HOSPITAL

Cervical cancer is a process of changing into malignancy in the cervix. Based on studies and previous research, cervical cancer is the third female cancer in terms of incidence (527,600 new cases) and mortality (265,700 deaths) in the world. Cervical cancer has histotopathological types in the form of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and other types. This study aimed to analyze the relationship of risk factors with histopathological types in cervical cancer patients in Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Method: This analytical descriptive study used a cross sectional research design. The number of samples were 300 patients collected by total sampling. Independent variables were risk factors including age, marital age, parity, smoking, oral contraceptives, and education while dependent variables were histopathological types including squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and other types. Instruments used documentation. Data analysis used chi square, fisher and contingency coefficient tests. Results: There was a relationship of cervical cancer risk factors of age to histopathological type (p= 0.000 and contingency coefficient = 0.170) and no relationship of risk factors to number of parity (p= 0.321 and contingency coefficient = 1000 0.064 ), marriage age (p = 0.720 and contingency cofience = 0.038), smoking (p = 0.711 and contingency cofience = 0.036), oral contraceptive (p = 0.655 and contingency comfience = 0.042), education (p = 0.744 and contingency co-efficiency = 0.089) to histopathological type. Conclusion: There is a relationship between risk factors and histopathological types in cervical cancer patients at Oncology Polyclinic at Dr Soetomo Hospital of Surabaya.

The Impact of Patient Characteristics and Tumor Biology on the Accuracy of Preoperative Staging of Colon Cancer in Denmark. A Nationwide Cohort Study

Background: Colon cancer is a common disease in western populations. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency and other patient and tumor characteristics on the accuracy of preoperative staging by comparing histopathological T- and N-categories of the resected specimen with the preoperative clinical stage in a nationwide cohort of patients treated for colon cancer by elective bowel resection with curative intent. Methods: A register study of a cohort extracted from the Danish Colorectal Cancer Group (DCCG) database, which holds prospective data on all new cases of colon and rectum cancer in Denmark. Patients diagnosed with colon cancer and treated with an elective bowel resection with curative intent in the years 2016–2019 were analyzed. Results: A total of 6102 patients were included (n = 3161 (52%) men and n = 2941 (48%) women) with a median age of 72 years (range 23–97 years). MMR was deficient in 24% of the patients and proficient in 76%. MMR deficiency, tumor sidedness and histopathological type were significant predictors of the accuracy of preoperative staging of colon cancer in univariate and multivariate analysis. MMR status in particular showed a strong impact on the risk of overstaging. Conclusions: MMR deficiency, but also tumor sidedness and to some degree histopathological type, impacted the accuracy of preoperative staging of colon cancer. MMR status should be taken into consideration in everyday clinical staging.

Characteristics of mastoid carcinoma at Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Departement in dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital Banda Aceh

Background: Mastoid carcinoma is a rare case and an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. Purpose: To identify the characteristics of mastoid carcinoma in Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department of dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Method: This study was a descriptive study using medical records data of dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh from January 2012 to July 2019 and from the histopathological data as a confirmation. Result: There were 9 cases consisted of 44% male and 56% female with the ratio 1:1,2, in which 41-60 year old were the majority of the patients. Clinical symptoms obtained are otalgia (100%), otorrhea (100%), discharge (100%), facial parental (100%), hearing loss (100%), ear canal mass (100%) and retroauricular mass (44, 4%). The histopathological type of all cases was Squamous Cell Carcinoma (100%). Stage IV of 55.6% and stage III of 44.4% were determined based on CT Scan. Chemotherapy was performed in 89% of patients and 11% of radiotherapy patients. Conclusion: The comparison of male and female mastoid carcinomas is 1:1,2 with a peak incidence at 41-60 years. The histopathological type of all patients was Squamous Cell Carcinoma and based on CT scans found 55.6% of stage IV patients and 44.4% of stage III patients. Chemotherapy was performed in 89% of patients and 11% of radiotherapy patients.

Bone tumors distribution in diagnostic and excisional biopsies

Objectives: Bone tumors are uncommon. Nevertheless, bone is a common site for metastasis. Due to limited data regarding bone tumors in Jordan, this study aims to understand better bone tumor epidemiology and distribution in the Jordanian population. Methods: A part of a retrospective, single-center study, all biopsy reports confirming the diagnosis of a bone tumor between January 2017 and December 2019 were abstracted from Princess Iman Research Center records. The patients’ age, gender, anatomical location, and histopathological type of the tumors were obtained and analyzed. Results: Two hundred eighty-four diagnostic and excisional biopsies were reviewed. Most of the patients (60.2%) were males. The mean age for the patients was 26.74(±16.29) years. Malignant bone tumors were diagnosed in 15.5%. The femur was the most common site of biopsy diagnosed tumor followed by the tibia. Osteochondroma was the most commonly diagnosed benign tumor and accounted for 39.4%, followed by aneurysmal bone cysts (14.8%), and enchondroma (10.2%). The metastatic bone tumors were the most frequent malignant bone pathology (6.7%), while osteosarcoma was the most common primary sarcoma, diagnosed in 5.6% of the sample. Increasing age, pelvic, and spine location of bone tumors were found to be significantly associated with malignancy. Conclusion: In our 284 samples, osteochondromas were the most commonly diagnosed tumors (39.4%), followed by aneurysmal bone cysts (14.8%), and enchondromas (10.2%). Metastatic tumors were the most common malignant bone pathologies, while osteosarcomas were the most common primary bone sarcomas. Femur and tibia were the most common tumor-located sites. Breast and lung deposition were the most common metastasis primaries. Additionally, increasing age, pelvic, and spine-located bone tumors were significantly associated with malignancy.

Study of correlation between age with incidence of endometrial cancer and histopathological type

Endometrial carcinoma is one of the commonest Gynecological malignancy. Endometrioid type is the most common type associated with hyper-estrogenic state and has better prognosis. While non endometrioid type is less common, associated with elderly age and has dismal prognosis. Uterine cancer is most often observed in higher age group with average age at diagnosis of 60 years. It most often occurs in women over 50. 16 cases of endometrial carcinoma were collected from January 2018 until November 2020.The study evaluated the correlation of age with incidence and type of endometrial cancer by categorizing patients into different age groups and then analyzing them. The most affected age group was between 60-70 years and commonest type of endometrial cancer identified was Endometrioid type.