POETICS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE IMAGE OF VOLGA IN THE “VOLGA” PLAYS OF A.N. OSTROVSKY

The article describes the functioning of the image “Volga” in the dramatic heritage of A.N. Ostrovsky. It is well known that the playwright discovered Zamoskvorechye to the Russian reader, but the Volga text has been studied much less. In this article, we will consider the image “Volga” - the main image that forms a special series of plays, united under the common name “Volga text”. Specificity of the realized functions of the image, typological features of similarity and differences of the image in different plays, features of functioning in each specific text together constitute a single artistic image. The presence of that common image makes it possible to distinguish a unique circle in the playwright's creative heritage - the Volga cycle of plays. The author wanted to name this cycle - “Nights on the Volga”. This article analyzes exactly those plays in which a described action takes place on the banks of the Volga.

The Family in Family Business

Research abounds on the nuances of family business, many comparing management, leadership, and performance of these businesses against those that are not influenced by family involvement. Although comparative studies eventually led to the development of family business definitions, the treatment of in-laws has been surreptitiously left out. In the family business, are in-laws family members, nonfamily members, or perennially in limbo? This article presents that the in-law position, at least in the Philippine setting, is precarious, necessitating a unique circle in Tagiuri and Davis’s three-circle model. The standards of treatment and the measurement of performance depend on which position the in-law occupies in that model. Knowing exactly where everyone fits into the model creates a better understanding of how one should behave for optimal family business experience.

Laguerre geometries and some connections to generalized quadrangles

A Laguerre plane is a geometry of points, lines and circles where three pairwise non-collinear points lie on a unique circle, any line and circle meet uniquely and finally, given a circle C and a point Q not on it for each point P on C there is a unique circle on Q and touching C at P. We generalise to a Laguerre geometry where three pairwise non-collinear points lie on a constant number of circles. Examples and conditions on the parameters of a Laguerre geometry are given.A generalized quadrangle (GQ) is a point, line geometry in which for a non-incident point, line pair (P. m) there exists a unique point on m collinear with P. In certain cases we construct a Laguerre geometry from a GQ and conversely. Using Laguerre geometries we show that a GQ of order (s. s2) satisfying Property (G) at a pair of points is equivalent to a configuration of ovoids in three-dimensional projective space.