Компактный ускоритель ионов для ионно-лучевых технологий

The way to design a simple-build and compact accelerator for the positive ions of metals with different charge multiplicity and energies ranged within 1-500 keV were proposed and substantiated. Such an accelerator will be suitable for scientific research and applied work pertained to advanced ion-beam technologies. Computer simulation of the ion-beam trajectories in an accelerator using SIMION 8.0 code confirmed applicability and prospects of the proposed approach.

Freeze-out scenarios in small systems at RHIC and LHC energies

We study the hadronic yields produced in two small collision systems [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV and [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV, and extracted the chemical freeze-out (CFO) parameters. The CFO parameters are obtained using a hadron resonance gas (HRG) model and in this study present the system size dependence of the parameters. We observe that with the strangeness suppression factor [Formula: see text] included in the model, a single freeze-out scenario can describe hadronic yields for all the centralities of [Formula: see text] collision at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV, indicating that the strange hadrons have not reached full equilibrium. On the other hand, for small average charged particle multiplicity ([Formula: see text]) bins of [Formula: see text] collision at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV strangeness is not fully equilibrated whereas strangeness equilibration seems to be reached in large [Formula: see text]. For both the collision systems, no significant system volume dependence of the temperature has been observed. However, in comparable [Formula: see text] values, temperatures are 10–20[Formula: see text]MeV larger for [Formula: see text] collision compared to [Formula: see text] collision. We observe that the volume of the system at the CFO increases with increase of charge multiplicity for both the collisions. The increase is much steeper in [Formula: see text] collision at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV than [Formula: see text] collision at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV. Further, we analyze the transverse momentum ([Formula: see text]) spectra of different hadrons produced in [Formula: see text] collision at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV in a combined freeze-out scenario. We show the [Formula: see text] dependence of freeze-out parameters. It is observed that with [Formula: see text] included in the model, a single freeze-out scheme can describe the [Formula: see text] spectra. For similar [Formula: see text] values, [Formula: see text] in both the collision systems are close to each other and overall values of [Formula: see text] increase with increase of [Formula: see text]. Unlike CFO scenario using the produced hadron yields only, freeze-out temperature in combined scenario of chemical and kinetic freeze-out, obtained from [Formula: see text] spectra, increases with increase of [Formula: see text]. For smaller [Formula: see text] values, the temperature in [Formula: see text] collision at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV is similar to that of [Formula: see text] collision at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV. However, temperatures are larger in [Formula: see text] collision than [Formula: see text] collision at larger [Formula: see text] values.