Research results of juicing process using the developed design of the working elements of the roll-belt press

The paper presents and describes the developed design of the working elements of the roll-belt press. The theoretical dependences of the energy parameters of the press are found. The optimal operating parameters are substantiated, which allows the most efficient berry juicing. The data of experiments on berry juicing, depending on the juicing pressure and the holding time of the pulp under pressure, are given.

Unique steel belt press technology for high strength papers from high yield pulp

The dry strength properties of hot-pressed moist paper improved as stiff high-yield pulp fibers soften and the sheet density increased. Very high wet strength was also achieved without adding strengthening agents. This research focuses on a new hot-pressing methodology based on a steel belt-based pilot cylinder press with infrared heating. The heated steel belt transports the moist paper into the cylinder nip with two adjacent steel rollers with adjustable nip pressure. The temperature ranges up to 300 °C, maximum speed is 5 m/min, maximum pulling force from the steel belt is 70 kN and the line load in the two press nips is 15 kN/m each. High peak pressures are possible due to the hard press nip between steel rolls and steel belt, allowing a good heat transfer to the paper. The long dwell time allows strained drying of the paper which results to high density and high wet strength. Paper samples from high-yield pulps were tested at different nip pressures, temperatures and machine speeds while the dry content was kept constant at about 63%. High nip pressure showed the largest effect on densification and dry strength. While high temperature and long dwell time seem to be most important in achieving high wet strength.

Press to Success: Gd5FW3O16—The First Gadolinium(III) Fluoride Oxidotungstate(VI)

The gadolinium(III) fluoride oxidotungstate(VI), with the formula Gd5FW3O16, represents the first published fluoride-derivative of a rare-earth metal oxidotungstate. It is synthesized by a mixture of GdF3, Gd2O3, and WO3 at 800 °C and a pressure of 2 GPa with the help of a belt press. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c (no. 14) with four formula units per unit cell and the following lattice parameters: a = 539.29 (4), b = 1556.41 (12), c = 1522.66 (11) pm, and β = 93.452 (4). The crystal structure comprises five crystallographically distinguishable Gd3+ cations, which are surrounded by either oxide and fluoride anions (Gd1–3) or by oxide anions only (Gd4, Gd5), with coordination numbers ranging between seven and nine. The fluoride anions are trigonal non-planar coordinated by three Gd3+ cations (Gd1–3). The distorted [WO6]6− octahedra in this structure form isolates edge- and vertex-connected entities of the compositions [W2O10]8− and [W2O11]10−, respectively. According to the presented units, a structured formula can be written as Gd4[FGd3]2[W2O10][W2O11]2. The single-crystal Raman spectrum reveals the typical symmetric stretching vibration mode of octahedral oxidotungstate(VI) units at about 871 cm−1.