Multi-technique characterization and conservation of an ancient Egyptian fabric from King Khufu first solar ship

Textiles are among the most fragile artefacts in the world. They have been difficult to preserve even in the best circumstances. Herein, we studied an artefact fabric of a special nature in terms of usage. Despite the multiple applications of textiles, the piece understudy is one of the unique pieces that the ancient Egyptian used as fenders for King Khufu first solar boat which is the second-largest discovery in Egypt history. The boat was discovered inside a limestone pit. It was disassembled and arranged in several layers. Four pillows of wrapped fabric were found in the first layer, which were used as boat fenders. This use is in itself a great discovery of the role played by textiles in the manufacture of ancient boats. Thus, we conducted tests and analytical studies of those fenders using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an optical microscope to identify the type and nature of fibers, spinning method and aspects of damage. Both energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and infrared analysis (FT-IR) were employed to explore the elemental content of the sample and to study the functional groups of the fabric. These analytical processes were useful in carrying out the restoration and preservation work necessary for the artefact under study.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MANUSCRIPTS “MUHOKAMAT UL-LUG‘ATAYN” AND THE ISSUE OF WORK VARIANCE

Muhokamat ul-lug‘atayn is a great discovery of Alisher Navoi in linguistics. In this work, he began the field of typological study of languages in world linguistics by comparing languages belonging to different families. In the play, Navoi highlighted the lexical-stylistic, phono-stylistic, morpho-stylistic aspects of the old Uzbek language, the poetic possibilities in fiction, as well as its linguocultural, linguocognitive features.

Becoming Virtuous by Doing Virtuous Actions

Aristotle’s great discovery about moral development is that we learn to be good through practice—i.e. we become virtuous by doing virtuous actions. This chapter explores Aristotle’s account of how learners can perform virtuous actions in the right way before they are virtuous, and pays special attention to considerations of continuity between the practices of the learners and those of virtuous people. The chapter shows that (and explains why) Aristotle alludes in his ethical treatises to emotional resources available to non-virtuous people that allow learners to somehow aim at the noble in their actions and grasp the value of virtuous actions before they possess virtuous dispositions of character. Because learners can make use of such emotional resources before having virtue, their practices can resemble those of virtuous people not simply in their external outcomes, but also in the relevant internal motivational aspects.

Monument to the Mansi Stepan Chumpin in the context of the Russian pre-revolutionary me-morial environment

The paper examines the history of creation and life of the monument to the Mansi Stepan Chumpin on the top of the Blagodat Mountain (сity of Kushva, Sverdlovsk Region), in the context of development of the Russian memorial culture. The paper aims to explore conformity of this monument with the memorial landscape during the time of its installation, as well as with the trends in the development of public commemoration in the pre-revolutionary period. Chumpin was the discoverer of a large field of magnetite on the Blagodat Mountain. The monument belongs to the category of anniversary ones, as it was built shortly before the centenary of the discov-ery of the field. Commemoration of this important event with the monument was the idea of the head of Goro-blagodatsky mining district Nikolai Mamyshev. This high-ranking official was also a sentimentalist writer. The monument he erected was not similar to those in the style of classicism that were made in Russia in this period. It represented a cylindrical bowl-shaped base for iron casting bursting tongues of flame. The inscription on the ped-estal says that Chumpin was burned here in 1730. It is believed the latter was done by his tribesmen associates. The paper formulates and justifies the hypothesis of the influence of Mamyshev's literary work on the concept of the monument: Chumpin, a «contemptible» character and a foreigner, is portrayed as a «noble savage» and a figure that evokes compassion. Such image of the discoverer gave a distinct ethnic orientation to the monument. It also appears as a memorial, since it was erected over the remains of a glorified person (although historians have proved that the fact of Chumpin's death in this place is a fiction). The monument is attributed to the monu-mental ones, as it is related to the great discovery by Chumpin, and to geographically motivated ones, as it is placed on the Blagodat Mountain. The monument is also a reminder of a significant event — the discovery of a rich deposit, and it affirms the recognition of the merits of the Mansi by the state. Even by the beginning of the 20th c., this monument did not become typical for the Russian memorial environment, although it turned into a popular tourist attraction.

Health Benefits of Quassin from Quassia amara: A Comprehensive Review of their Ethnopharmacological Importance, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Analytical Aspects

: Medicinal plants have been indispensable to human life as they are used in food, cosmetics, medicines, nutraceuticals, perfumery, beverages and many more sectors. The medicinal plant contains various important classes of phytochemicals and broadly they are categorized into either primary or secondary metabolite. A large number of modern medicines are mainly derived from plant and other natural sources. Medicinal properties of plants are mainly due to the presence of their secondary metabolite and good examples are salicylic acid, morphine, quinine, vincristin and vinblastine. In spite of the great discovery of allopathic medicine, plant pure phytoconstituents play an important role in the modern medicine. Various plant based medicine are available in the market and people are using it on the basis of the belief that it is safer compared to the allopathic medicine. Furthermore, based on these believes, people use most of the traditional medicines in their routine life for the treatment of numerous disorders and this is called self-medication. Quassia amara plant belongs to Simaroubaceae family which is one of the best examples of the self-medicated plant. Traditionally Quassia amara has antimalarial, stomachic, antianaemic, antibiotics, cytotoxic and antiamoebic activity. Its reproductive, insecticidal, larvicidal and vermifuge properties have been also reported in the literature. Quassinoids are the important phytoconstituents of this plant and are the main bitter principles of Quassia amara too. Quassin is a white crystalline substance and is widely used in Chinese herbal medicine for their bitter taste. The purpose of this review is to gain an understanding of the Quassin and Quassia amara and to present information and knowledge regarding this phytoconstituent. Medicinal uses, pharmacological importance and various bioanalytical methods of Quassin and Quassia amara have been presented in this review. The benefit of this review is to get better understanding and ideas of Quassin and Quassia amara research findings in various disciplines. Furthermore, there is a need to perform more scientific investigation to explore the other beneficial properties of Quassia amara and Quassin.

Prediction Model for Financial Distress Using Proposed Data Mining Approach

The problem of financial distress researches are the lack of awareness of banks about the risks of financial failure and its impact on the continuity of its activity in the future, as the traditional methods used to predict financial failure through financial analysis based on financial ratios in a single result gives misleading results cannot be relied upon to judge the continuity of the activity of banks, With an increase in the number of failed banks and their inability to continue. Which requires the discovery of modern techniques that serve as an early warning of the possibility of failure and lack of continuity. The research aims to apply data mining technology to predict the financial failure of banks, and how it can provide information that helps to judge the extent to which banks continue to operate. This effort suggested founded back propagation artificial neural network to build predict system. The proposed module evaluated with banks fromFree Iraq Stock Exchange dataset the investigational outcomes displays capable method to identify failure banks with great discovery rate and small wrong terror rate.