CO468, CO469, CO470, CO471, CO472, and CO473 corn inbred lines with improved northern corn leaf blight resistance

CO468, CO469, CO470, CO471, CO472 and CO473 are the first corn (Zea mays L.) inbred lines released from the northern corn leaf blight [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) K.J. Leonard & E.G. Suggs; syn. = Helminthosporium turcicum Pass.] resistance breeding program of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. All six inbreds possess intermediate to very high levels of resistance, which is expressed in hybrids when these inbreds are combined with susceptible test lines. Expression is even higher when some of these lines are combined with each other. Acceptable grain yields and moistures are also achieved in several hybrid testcrosses. All six inbreds also possess intermediate to high levels of resistance to eyespot, common rust, Goss’s bacterial wilt, and grey leaf spot.

Efektivitas Paenibacillus polymyxa dan Pseudomonas fluorescens dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Haur daun (Helminthosporium turcicum) pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)

Penyakit hawar daun yang disebabkan oleh jamur Helminthosporium turcicum termasuk dalam penyakit penting di Indonesia dikarenakan kerugian yang disebabkan mencapai 50%. Penggunaan fungisida kimia secara terus menerus memiliki dampak negatif bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Salah satu pengendalian yang aman dan ramah lingkungan yaitu pengendalian hayati berbasis mikroorganisme antagonis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas agensia hayati Paenibacillus polymyxa dan Pseudomonas fluorescens dalam pengendalian penyakit hawar daun pada tanaman jagung. Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari lima perlakuan dan masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari lima ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas P0=kontrol, P1=Penyemprotan P.polymyxa 10ml L-1, P2=Penyemprotan Pseudomonas fluorescens 10ml L-1, P3= Penyemprotan P.polymyxa dan P.fluorescens 10ml L-1, P4=Penyemprotan fungisida propineb 70%. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian, jika terdapat beda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa P.polymyxa mampu efektif menekan penyakit hawar daun jagung sebesar 99,89%, selain itu P.polymyxa mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan kontrol.

Endophyte Fungi to Control Helminthosporium turcicum, Fungi Causing Leaf Blight Disease

Leaf blight disease is one of the most dangerous diseases of maize plant. This disease be able causing loss of maize harvest up to 40-70%. The cause of the leaf blight disease is Helminthosporium turcicum fungi. Biological control with endophytic fungi potentially used to control the pathogens as well as increase the resistance of plant induction to disease. Research was conducted in PT Bisi Inernational area, Tbk Farm Ngantang Malang Regency, Laboratory of Mycology Department of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture Brawijaya University and Bioscience Laboratory Brawijaya University on December 2016 until July 2017. The exploration result of endophytic fungi of three varieties of maize were obtained 30 isolates, consisting of 14 non-pathogenic isolates and 16 pathogenic isolates. Based on the power inhibition percentage to the highest growth of H. turcicum is a fungi with NuII2, NuII4, PuIII3, DuIII3, NuII3 and PuIII1 isolates code. The most prevalent inhibition mechanism is pathogens and endophytic fungi competition. The 30 isolates identified were Colletotrichum sp, Fusarium sp, Curvularia sp, Acremonium sp dan Paecilomyces sp, meanwhile the other endophytic fungi is only found sterile hyphae thus difficult to identify up to the genus level. Keywords : Endophyte fungi, Zea mays, Helminthosporium turcicum