PECULIARITIES OF THE WORK OF THE SURGICAL STUDENT SCIENTIFIC CIRCUIT IN THE QUARANTINE

With the onset of the coronavirus pandemic, the only way to learn and communicate with students is distance learning. The aim. Analyze the features of the student scientific circle on surgery in the mode of distance learning in quarantine. Materials and methods. When the pandemic has suddenly spread to all spheres of life, the only way to learn and communicate with students is distance learning. In Ukraine, distance learning is regulated by an order of the Ministry of Education and Science from 31.10.2013 № 1518 "On approval of the Requirements to higher educational institutions and institutions of postgraduate education, scientific, educational and scientific institutions that provide educational services in the form of distance learning to train and improve the skills of specialists in accredited areas and specialties." With the approval of distance learning, the work of the student scientific circle (CSC) "Sharp Scalpel" at the department also went online. The structure of classes during studies in the CSC consists of a theoretical part where students report the results of scientific research from literature sources according to the topics they work on with supervisors, as well as a practical part where they work directly with patients under the supervision of the CSC leader. Some classes are held in the vivarium, where they learn to suture the intestines of animals. Often the structure of practical training in the CSC is not so clear, because in the presence of an interesting clinical case in the hospital or operating room, students are fully engaged in practical work. Results. With the transition to distance learning, the structure of classes in the CSC has undergone a significant transformation - the most important and interesting part for the group has fallen, namely the possibility of contact with the patient. The group members were divided into two groups: Group I – 8 students (25%) - students who, in addition to the practical part of the lesson, are also interested in the theoretical part of the group, who continued to study literature sources according to the topic they received and actively prepared for the scientific-practical conference. Group II-22 students (75%) – those, who lost interest in the CSC, when the opportunity to work with the patient became inaccessible. Another disadvantage of online learning is the loss of society, are the possibility of direct communication between students is lost, the necessary skills in communicating with the patient are not acquired, which is extremely important in the medical profession. Conclusions. In the case of quarantine, distance learning is an important and necessary form of educational process, even in medical schools, but it can not replace live communication between students, with the patient and the teacher. Online learning does not provide a practical part of the CSC work, which is manifested in the loss of interest in classes in the CSC among students.

Organised Crime as a Political Influence Tool of the Russian Federation

The article attempts to describe the use of organised crime to achieve the political goals of the Russian Federation. This phenomenon escapes unambiguous scientific classifications and has an eminently interdisciplinary character. This is because organised crime is usually analysed in the classical criminological literature as a pathology the state fights. However, it turns out that organised crime structures can be an element of the foreign policy carried out by covert and illegal means. Therefore, the criminological perspective should be supplemented with a viewpoint of political and security sciences. The direct inspiration for this paper came from the analyses carried out by Galeotti, an expert in security and international relations. It refers to the practical manifestations of the activities of Russian special services: SVR, GRU and FSB, in which Russian-speaking criminal networks are used. The author believes it can be analysed in terms of the concept known in the Anglo-Saxon scientific circle as a so-called state crime.

MORAL EDUCATION AND IMAGE TRAFFIC POLICE OFFICER

В статье рассматривается вопрос формирования положительного имиджа сотрудников ГИБДД через нравственное воспитание курсантов с использованием инновационных форм и методов преподавания в процессе профессионального обучения. Определяется значимость воспитательной и научной работы в процессе воспитания на примере деятельности научного кружка кафедры. The article deals with the issue of forming a positive image of traffic police officers through the moral education of cadets studying in this specialty using innovative forms and methods of teaching in the process of vocational training. The importance of educational and scientific work in the process of education is determined by the example of the work of the scientific circle of the department.

Intellectual talent of higher education seekers: theoretical principles

From the theme: a retrospective analysis of the concepts of "gifted and intellectually talented personality"; we analyzed the experience of working with gifted young people abroad. In particular, a set of theoretical methods was used: comparison, analysis, synthesis and generalization; empirical methods: analysis of documentation and results of pedagogical activity, observation . The characteristics of working with talented young students were revealed through analysis of teaching, methodological and practical work with gifted students. An empirical study was carried out to determine the attitude of gifted young people towards organizational ways of working with them and a scientific circle was developed. The results revealed that the organization of pedagogical work is a fundamental point to provoke the development of their competencies, the explicit ones and those that are latent.

Episodic Retail Settings: A Sustainable and Adaptive Strategy for City Centre Stores

The fact that an already damaged retail industry is being challenged by a pandemic makes the industry’s survival a matter of urban resilience. Sustainable and adaptive strategies are needed to reverse the negative development of the retail sector, and in this conceptual paper, a new perspective is suggested based on episodic retail settings. Such a perspective can increase a physical store’s attraction and may serve as a flexible operation strategy for urban retailers and give added value to urban consumers as they shape an ongoing dramatological discourse and facilitate social interaction in a way that traditional fixed-store formats are unable to compete with. By applying the scientific circle of enquiry (SCE), the authors develop an interdisciplinary perspective cutting across the sustainability, service science, and urban studies fields. On this ground, they present a set of conceptual premises and a tripartite conceptual framework delineating how to effectively design episodic retail settings that are adaptive and sustainable. The paper concludes with suggestions for research questions to further advance this field of study.

Poetyki protestu

The Poetics of Protest is the result of the discussion held during the conference organized by the Scientific Circle of Theory of Literature and the Department of Poetics, Literary Theory and Methodology of Literary Research. The session was conducted online at the Faculty of Polish Studies of Warsaw University between 6th and 14th March 2021. The texts presented in the book are concerned with the issue of protest, revolt and opposition, which is analysed using modern humanistic concepts, drawn from disability studies, sociology of literature or dance studies.

Why Couldn’t Muslim Astronomers Discover the Heliocentric System?

It comes to question the reasons why Muslim astronomers could not recognize the centrality of the Sun in the planetary system. While Europeans have spent centuries in their dark ages, Muslims spent the same centuries trying to verify the Ptolemaic planetary theory which has adopted the assumption of geocentricism, both theoretically and observationally. Many generations of Muslim astronomers from the 8th century to the 15th century lived circling in boring games of epicycles and deferments. Undoubtedly, Muslim astronomers devoted great efforts for developing the astronomical observations. For this purpose, they invented and developed many precise astronomical instruments and on the side of scientific literature, they wrote thousands of manuscripts in astronomy and observational techniques. This article questions the reasons why Muslim astronomers could not recognize the heliocentric system, despite their serious critique of the Ptolemaic geocentric model. For this purpose, we try to interrogate the astronomical manuscripts written by Muslim astronomers during the centuries before the Copernican breakthrough, since it is now believed that the efforts of Muslim astronomers have contributed great deal to the Copernican discovery of the heliocentric system. Some new studies in this area have already pointed to the fact that prominent Muslim astronomers have criticized the Ptolemaic geocentric system starting with the article of Ibn al-Haytham entitled “The Doubts about Ptolemy”, then al-Beruni’s assertion of the possibility of the spinning Erath while rotating around the Sun which comes in his assessment of the Indian astronomers' claim of the heliocentric model. The work of the astronomers of Muragha school and the Muragha observatory which was erected in 1259 and their models proposing to explain the observed planetary motions using the intelligent model of the “Tusi Couple”, in addition to the comments and suggestions of Ibn al-Shatir of Damascus about the lunar motion have contributed a great deal to the advancement of astronomy. These and many other flash points in the history of Islamic astronomy marked a strong zeal for a change that never took place. The question is: why could not Muslims adopt a new paradigm? This article emphasizes the fact that a transformation from the assumption of a geocentric system to a heliocentric system required a fundamental paradigm shift from the Aristotelian belief in the geocentric planetary system and the more developed Ptolemaic models. Such a paradigm was prevailing in the thoughts of Muslim philosophers as well as the religious clerics. We point to the fact that in addition to the observed reality of the celestial objects rotating around the Earth with different periods, the Aristotelian picture of the universe was in agreement with the interpretations of some verses of the Qur'an related to the celestial motion. We point here to the description of the heavenly spheres given by Ikhwan as-Safa who were a group of religious philosophers with some influence in the scientific circle. While being in doubt about the Ptolemaic models, Muslim astronomers were unable to continue their revolution to adopt a profoundly different model. The traditional understanding of some religious texts may have influenced the realization of some scientific facts. This may explain why Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, who belongs to the same sect of Ikwan as-Safa, resorted to device his couple to explain the apparently non-circular orbits of the planets by circular motion of his couple. However, we allude to the possibility that Muslim Mutakallimun could have achieved such a paradigm should they have the chance to continue their project on the Islamic worldview of nature. The endeavour of Mutakallimun to establish a rational and liberal attitude towards science and religion was negatively affected by their muddling with the theological question more than the questions related to natural philosophy. Internal fight between different factions of the Mutakallimun dispersed their efforts. Furthermore, the prohibition of kalam and the debates related to kalam aborted any progress in the rational approach to establish a scientific trend in religious studies. Keywords: Geocentric model, Heliocentric model, Ptolemy, Tusi couple, Islamic astronomy.