Finite Element Analysis of Magnetic Field Exciter for Direct Testing of Magnetocaloric Materials’ Properties

The paper presents research on magnetic field exciters dedicated to testing magnetocaloric materials (MCMs) as well as used in the design process of magnetic refrigeration systems. An important element of the proposed test stand is the system of magnetic field excitation. It should provide a homogeneous magnetic field with a controllable value of its intensity in the MCM testing region. Several concepts of a magnetic circuit when designing the field exciters have been proposed and evaluated. In the MCM testing region of the proposed exciters, the magnetic field is controlled by changing the structure of the magnetic circuit. A precise 3D field model of electromagnetic phenomena has been developed in the professional finite element method (FEM) package and used to design and analyze the exciters. The obtained results of the calculations of the magnetic field distribution in the working area were compared with the results of the measurements carried out on the exciter prototype. The conclusions resulting from the conducted research are presented and discussed.

Assessing Deep Convolutional Neural Networks and Assisted Machine Perception for Urban Mapping

High-spatial-resolution satellite imagery has been widely applied for detailed urban mapping. Recently, deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have shown promise in certain remote sensing applications, but they are still relatively new techniques for general urban mapping. This study examines the use of two DCNNs (U-Net and VGG16) to provide an automatic schema to support high-resolution mapping of buildings, road/open built-up, and vegetation cover. Using WorldView-2 imagery as input, we first applied an established OBIA method to characterize major urban land cover classes. An OBIA-derived urban map was then divided into a training and testing region to evaluate the DCNNs’ performance. For U-Net mapping, we were particularly interested in how sample size or the number of image tiles affect mapping accuracy. U-Net generated cross-validation accuracies ranging from 40.5 to 95.2% for training sample sizes from 32 to 4096 image tiles (each tile was 256 by 256 pixels). A per-pixel accuracy assessment led to 87.8 percent overall accuracy for the testing region, suggesting U-Net’s good generalization capabilities. For the VGG16 mapping, we proposed an object-based framing paradigm that retains spatial information and assists machine perception through Gaussian blurring. Gaussian blurring was used as a pre-processing step to enhance the contrast between objects of interest and background (contextual) information. Combined with the pre-trained VGG16 and transfer learning, this analytical approach generated a 77.3 percent overall accuracy for per-object assessment. The mapping accuracy could be further improved given more robust segmentation algorithms and better quantity/quality of training samples. Our study shows significant promise for DCNN implementation for urban mapping and our approach can transfer to a number of other remote sensing applications.

Mobile and Location Based Service using Augmented Reality: A Review

MAR (Mobile Augmented Reality) is delegated an innovation that gives similar capacities as AR (Augmented Reality), yet without the actual limitations of the area of an exploration office or testing region. A Location-Based Service (LBS) is an application for portable figuring which gives clients administrations dependent on their topographical area. Area based administrations are getting progressively famous with the ascent of cell phones with an ever increasing number of highlights (particularly Apple's iPhone and Android-based gadgets). Increasingly more substance is improved with geo-information and can subsequently be seen in a virtual climate, however in real, portable conditions and in a setting delicate way fit to the requirements of the client. The definition and advantages of versatile increased reality and area based administrations and the mix of portable enlarged reality and area based administrations are broke down in this article. The issues are examined alongside the upsides and downsides.

Extension of the Alberti-Ulhmann criterion beyond qubit dichotomies

The Alberti-Ulhmann criterion states that any given qubit dichotomy can be transformed into any other given qubit dichotomy by a quantum channel if and only if the testing region of the former dichotomy includes the testing region of the latter dichotomy. Here, we generalize the Alberti-Ulhmann criterion to the case of arbitrary number of qubit or qutrit states. We also derive an analogous result for the case of qubit or qutrit measurements with arbitrary number of elements. We demonstrate the possibility of applying our criterion in a semi-device independent way.

Kernel-Coefficient-Based Feature Method for Face Detection

A kernel-coefficient-based feature method is proposed to detect faces. The proposed method uses a mathematical expression and 26 different arrangements of kernel-coefficients of a kernel (testing region). The method manipulates the symmetric appearance of a face with respect to a rigid-kernel (fixed region). The expression, which is used to generate feature values, responds to pixels on edges of the image-objects only. For each distinct arrangement of kernel-coefficients, a feature-value is generated. The objective of the proposed kernel-coefficient-based feature method is to reduce the number of feature values required for face detection.

A Summary of Current DNA Methods for Herb and Spice Identification

Appropriate use of genetic methods for botanicalidentification is based on the type of sequencing used as well as testing region selection. Although Sanger sequencing is useful for single-target species identification, targeted next generation sequencing is ideal for testing blended products or those that contain unexpected species. Unknown, fresh, or lightly processed materials are best tested throughthe use of long, universal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) regions (e.g., DNA barcodes). For highly processed products, using shorter and more specific regions helps to prevent false negatives and positives. All approaches must use DNA extraction techniques that address the presence of inhibitory compounds, which often occur in abundance within herbs and spices. The accuracy of identifications is improved when comparing genetic data of any type with a reference database that contains expertly determined vouchered materials, a variety of closely related species, and multiple specimens of the same species.

A framework for assessing quality of a web site

The greater part of the data spread is occurring through Web locales and Web gateways. The adequacy and effectiveness with which data can be spread is especially reliant on the nature of the WEB webpage. The more the nature of a site/entryway, the more refined data can be made accessible to the client. In this manner it ends up noticeably important to characterize quality and furthermore decide the components that measure the nature of site. A quality factor should stick point to a specific part of the web architecture. It is additionally essential to characterize the sort of change that must be attempted for enhancing nature of the site from the perspective of a specific angle.This paper is principally cantered around deciding terrifically imperative quality factors that can consolidated mirror the aggregate quality and in addition nature of a specific part of web composition. This paper additionally gives a base utilizing which various types of upgrades that ought to be made all together that the nature of the Web website will significantly be improved. Websites are a piece of our regular day to day existence and are utilized to trade and to pass on data between client groups. Passed on data comes in various kinds, dialects and shapes and fuses content, pictures, sound, and video expected to illuminate, induce, offer, show a perspective or even change a demeanour or conviction. Regardless of site multiplication, appraisal of site quality remains a testing region of research. Quality identifies with consumer loyalty and furthermore with the level of achievement of client desire while interfacing a site.

Fatigue strength characterization of Al-Si cast material incorporating statistical size effect

Cast aluminium components may exhibit material imperfections such as shrinkage and gas pores, or oxide inclusions. Therefore, the fatigue resistance is significantly influenced by the size and location of these inhomogenities. In this work, two different specimen geometries are manufactured from varying positions of an Al-Si-Cu alloy casting. The specimen geometries are designed by means of shape optimization based on a finite element analysis and exhibit different highly-stressed volumes. The numerically optimized specimen curvature enforces a notch factor of only two percent. To enable the evaluation of a statistical size effect, the length of the constant testing region and hence, the size of the highly-stressed volume varies by a ratio of one to ten between the two specimen geometries. Furthermore, the location of the crack initiation is dominated by the comparably greatest defects in this highly-stressed volume, which is also known as Weibull’s weakest link model. The crack initiating defect sizes are evaluated by means of light microscopy and modern scanning electron microscope methods. Finally, the statistical size effect is analysed based on the extreme value distribution of the occurring defects, whereby the size and location of the pores is non-destructively obtained by computed tomography (CT) scanning. This elaborated procedure facilitates a size-effect based methodology to study the defect distribution and the associated local fatigue life of CPS casted Al-Si lightweight components.

THE SHEAR STRENGTH OF 50 MPA CONCRETE BEAMS MADE USING RECYCLED CONCRETE COARSE AGGREGATES

Five 50 MPa longitudinally reinforced beams were loaded in a four-point testing setup to study their shear behavior. The beams were three meters long, and their cross section was 150 mm by 420 mm. The testing region did not contain stirrups. The beams were shallow, with a span to depth ratio of 3. All beams were similar except for the percentages of replacement of natural coarse aggregates with recycled concrete coarse aggregates, which were 0%, 10%, 20%, 35% and 100%. The results have shown that the replacement of natural coarse aggregates with recycled ones had a negligible effect on the ultimate shear strength. However, the results on the modulus of elasticity showed a reduction of less than 10% in beams with the use of recycled aggregates.