Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Dua Varietas Ubi Kayu pada Empat Dosis Pupuk Npk di Lahan Pasang Surut Kalimantan Selatan

Tidal acid land is a potential land for cassava development. However, the development of cassava in tidal land faces many obstacles, one of which is the low availability of nutrients. This study aimed to determine the effect of NPK fertilizer in increasing the growth and yield of cassava in tidal land. The experiment consisted of two factors, the first factor was two varieties of cassava and the second factor was four levels of NPK fertilizer doses. The experiment was applied in a strip plot design with variety as the horizontal factor and the level of NPK fertilizer as the vertical factor and repeated three times. The growth parameters observed consisted of plant height, stem diameter, plant biomass weight, number of large tubers, number of small tubers, large tuber length, length of small tuber, the diameter of large tuber, the diameter of small tuber, the total number of tubers, the weight of large tuber, the weight of tuber small, and total tuber weight. The results showed that fertilizer application was effective in increasing vegetative growth and yield of cassava but increasing the dose of fertilizer was not effective in increasing the growth and yield of cassava. Differences in varieties generally did not show differences in vegetative growth and some yield components but still showed different results in the components of tuber length and total tuber weight.

EFFECT OF TUBER SIZE AND NUTRIENT SOURCE ON THE YIELD OF YAM (DIOSCOREA SP.)

A field experiment was conducted at a private forest at Kalyanpur, Chitwan from March to January of 2018/2019 to evaluate the effect of different tuber size and nutrient source on the yield of yam (Dioscorea spp.). The experiment was laid out in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (factorial RCBD) with two factors i.e. tuber size viz small tuber size (<50 gm.) and large tuber size (100-150 gm.) and nutrient source viz farm yard manure, chicken manure and forest soil, replicated four times. The use of large size tubers has a significant effect on the yield of yam, higher yield (3.05 kg.) with large tuber size. Similarly, the interaction between tuber size and nutrient source was also significant on the yield. The highest yield (3.23 kg.) was made from the large size tuber (T1) and farm yard manure (M1) followed by the large size tuber (T1) and chicken manure (M2). The smallest yield (2.25 kg.) was from the interaction of small tuber size (T2) and farm yard manure (M2). Therefore, the use of a large size tuber (100-150 gm.) with farm yard manure as the nutrient source can be recommended to increase the yield of yam.

PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TIGA VARIETAS LOKAL BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) MENGGUNAKAN BERBAGAI UKURAN BERAT UMBI BIBIT

ABSTRACT The use of onion tubers with various sizes can affect the result of onion productivity. The availability of quality seeds and timely is a factor which plays a role in the success of the farmer of onion. Seed in the form of tubers are planting material that has been long to used in bussines farming. The use of seed tubers has variation measure of in weight. The weight size of seed tubers give affect the growth and result of cultivated shallots. The solution of this problem is looking for the right tuber size to get maximal production and result on local varieties that have been registered and issued by the Department of Agriculture. This research executed in Bagor Subdistrict, Nganjuk Regency in April 2018 until June 2018. It used Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RAL Faktorial) with using 2 factor. The first factor was local varieties consisting of Bauji varieties, Biru Lancor and Batu Ijo. The second factor is 4 level of different size tuber weight. If there is a real difference, will be further testing using DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) with an error rate of 5%. The parameters of observation consist of plant height, number of leaves, number of tubers, tuber diameter, tuber wet weight, tuber dry weight, tuber shrinkage and number of tuber layers. The results showed that the effect of the combination of the two factors had very significant effect on the parameters of fresh tuber weight and dry weight of onion. The varieties treatment showed the best results for fresh weight of the bulbs were Blue Lancor varieties. The treatment of seed tuber weight showed results to fresh weight of tuber was the weight of a large tuber. Key words: Onions, Seed Bulbs, Local Varieties. ABSTRAK Penggunaan umbi bawang merah dengan berbagai ukuran dapat berpengaruh terhadap hasil produktivitas bawang merah. Ketersediaan bibit yang berkualitas dan tepat waktu merupakan faktor yang ikut berperan dalam keberhasilan usaha tani bawang merah. Bibit yang berupa umbi merupakan bahan tanam yang sudah lama digunakan dalam usaha tani bawang merah. Penggunaan umbi bibit memiliki keragaman dalam ukuran berat. Ukuran berat umbi bibit berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah yang dibudidayakan. Solusi dari permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan mencari ukuran berat umbi bibit yang tepat agar mendapatkan produksi dan hasil secara maksimal pada varietas lokal yang sudah terdaftar dan dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Pertanian. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Bagor Kabupaten Nganjuk pada bulan April 2018 hingga bulan Juni 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RAL Faktorial) dengan menggunakan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu varietas lokal yang terdiri varietas Bauji, Biru Lancor dan Batu Ijo. Faktor kedua yaitu 4 taraf ukuran berat umbi bibit yang berbeda. Apabila ada beda nyata dilakukan uji lanjut dengan menggunakan DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) dengan taraf kesalahan 5%. Parameter pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah umbi, diameter umbi, berat basah umbi, berat kering umbi, penyusutan umbi dan jumlah lapisan umbi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh kombinasi kedua faktor berpengaruh sangat nyata pada parameter jumlah umbi, berat segar umbi dan berat kering jemur umbi bawang merah. Perlakuan varietas menunjukkan hasil terbaik untuk berat segar umbi adalah varietas Biru Lancor. Perlakuan berat umbi bibit menunjukkan hasil untuk berat segar umbi adalah berat umbi bibit ukuran besar. Kata Kunci : Bawang Merah, Umbi Bibit, Varietas Lokal.

MAKING SINGLE COMPLETE DENTURES FOR THE MATERIAL WITH TUBER MAXILLA CASE LARGE

Background: single complete denture is complete denture where its antagonist there tooth original good in part or else entirely. Besides that on case this there bulge tuber maxilla more big of the normal size of course only will complicate at the stage of preparation of teeth and also take effect on retention, stability, and comfort. Objective: to discuss about technique manufacture single complete denture with a large tuber maxilla. Review of literature: Single complete denture is a complete denture in which the antagonistic teeth can be either partial or whole natural teeth. Whereas complete denture is a complete maxillary and mandibular denture that is used if both jaws do not have natural teeth. To get good inclination and occlusal surface can do with Swenson technique and Yurkstas technique which is use a compensating curve template to determine the occlusal views of Wilson’s curve and spee curve. Conclusion: in the making single complete denture, moment preparation tooth there difficulty because have a big maxilla and need a lot of grinding on dental elements and additions anasir second premolar teeth for get aesthetic and functional is good, too take effect to retention and stability.

Seleksi Galur Kentang dari Progeni Hasil Persilangan

<p>Selection of progenies and lines of potato. Selection was performed at Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI), Lembang (1250 asl) in 2006. Seven F1 progenies resulted from previous crossing were grown with population ranging from 50 to 200 seedlings. From the tuber yield had been selected 183 accessions. Out of these selected accessions, 173 accessions were planted with population ranging from 5 to 30 tubers. There were 55 lines showed promising as selected based on tuber yield that more than 300 g/plant, shallow to medium depth of tuber eyes, medium to large tuber size and good taste. There were four lines showed good quality for potato chips.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Seleksi dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang (1250 m dpl) pada tahun 2006. Tujuh progeni F1 hasil persilangan ditanam dengan populasi 50-200 tanaman. Hasil seleksi pertama terpilih 183 aksesi, kemudian yang berhasil ditanam kembali sebanyak 173 aksesi. Tiap aksesi ditanam 5-30 umbi. Hasil seleksi kedua terpilih 55 galur dengan hasil lebih tinggi dari 300 g/tanaman, mata umbi dangkal dan medium, ukuran umbi relatif besar, dan rasa enak. Empat galur di antaranya sangat cocok untuk dijadikan bahan baku kripik kentang.</p>

455 Response of Irrigated Potatoes to Polyolefin-coated Urea

Polyolefin-coated fertilizers are slow-release fertilizers coated with thermoplastic resins that have a temperature-dependent nutrient release pattern. A field study was conducted on a Hubbard loamy sand during 1997 and 1998 at Becker, Minn., to evaluate the effect of polyolefin-coated urea (POCU) fertilizers (Meister, Chisso Co., Japan) on yield and quality of irrigated `Russet Burbank' potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). The coated fertilizers were POCU-50 and POCU-70, which release 80% of their N in 50 and 70 days, respectively, at 25 °C, and a 1 POCU-50: 1POCU-70 mixture. The study compared three soluble urea treatments (N at 0, 140, and 280 kg·ha-1) split-applied at planting, emergence, and hilling vs. the same N rates of coated urea fertilizers applied in a band at planting. In 1997, a season characterized by high leaching, total and large tuber (>168 g) yields were higher with coated urea sources than soluble urea at equivalent N rate, but the N sources gave similar yields in 1998 when leaching was minimal. In both years, doubling the rate of N as soluble or coated urea from 140 to 280 kg·ha-1 had no effect on total yield, but increased the marketable yield (tuber size). Yields were higher in 1998 compared to 1997 due to poorer tuber set in 1997. However, the percentage of large tubers was higher in 1997. Specific gravity increased slightly with N rate but did not differ with N source at equivalent N rate. Hollow heart incidence was similar among all treatments in 1997, but it increased with N rate and was similar among N sources in 1998.

Size of Tuber Propagule Influences Injury of `Kennebec' Potato Plants by Constant Light

Chlorosis and necrotic spotting develop on the foliage of particular cultivars of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) when grown under constant light. `Kennebec', a cultivar severely injured by constant light when propagated from tissue-cultured plantlets, also was injured when plants were propagated from small tuber pieces (≈1 g). However, plants did not develop injury when propagated from large tuber pieces (≈100 g). Plants from large tuber pieces grew more rapidly than plants from small tuber pieces. The role of plant vigor and carbohydrate translocation in controlling injury development is discussed.

The effect of in-row seed piece spacing and harvest date of the tuber yield and processing quality of Conestoga potatoes in southern Manitoba

Conestoga was registered in Canada in 1982. It has been readily accepted by chip producers and processors in Manitoba, although little information on the effect of commercial production practices on the yield and processing quality under Manitoba conditions is available. In this study, the effect of within-row seed piece spacing at three harvest dates on Conestoga potatoes for the early-season chip processing market was evaluated under rainfed conditions in southern Manitoba in 1982, 1983 and 1986. Treatments consisted of spacings of 22, 30, 38 and 46 cm between seed pieces within the row, with 1 m between row centers, harvested at 10-d intervals starting at 75 ± 5 d after planting (DAP) each year. As spacing between seed pieces increased, total, small and maingrade tuber yield and number, and specific gravity decreased. Large tuber yield and number increased. The number of mainstems per plant, the incidence of hollow heart and chip color were unaffected. Delaying harvest resulted in an increased yield of total and maingrade tubers, and higher specific gravity. The highest marketable yield (maingrade plus large tubers) resulted from the 22-cm in-row spacing. The total number of tubers harvested and the number of maingrade tubers increased between 75 and 85 DAP, but did not increase substantially after 85 DAP. Chip color and the incidence of hollow heart were not significantly affected by harvest date. Key words: Potato, population, spacing, harvest date, hollow heart, chip color

KUDZU: Where Did It Come From? and How Can We Stop It?

Kudzu is spreading in the South and control measures are required on large acreages. Control can be accomplished by persistent applications of effective herbicides or by overgrazing for two to three years. Soil-active herbicides containing the active ingredients picloram or dicamba are presently most effective. Herbicide sprays should be applied in a mixture with 60 to 100 gallons of water per acre; complete coverage is best achieved with double application and right-angle spray passes when using ground equipment. Repeated applications are usually required to kill every root crown. The tender nature of kudzu leaves and the large tuber roots make kudzu difficult to control.

The sprouting process in yam (Dioscorea spp.) tuber pieces

SUMMARYThe progression of sprouting was observed in water-yam (Dioscorea alata) and whiteyam (D. rotundata) tuber pieces planted in moist sawdust. Soon after planting, white callus-like protuberances (sprouting loci) were seen on the tuber surface, followed by the appearance of one or more differentiated shoot buds on the sprouting locus. Sprouting loci appeared more readily on the upper and lower parts of each tuber piece than on the sides. Large tuber pieces sprouted more rapidly, had larger and more numerous sprouting loci, and gave rise to more shoot buds than small tuber pieces.Anatomical examination showed that the shoot bud resulted from the activity of a layer of meristematic cells lying close to the tuber surface. Extensive cell divisions commenced in this layer after planting, and some of the resulting cells soon differentiated into the shoot bud.