Simplified mathematical model of the hydrothermal regime of the Krasnoyarsk reservoir

The scheme of the reservoir bed is applied to numerical study of the hydrothermal regime of the Krasnoyarsk Reservoir in the form of regions with continuous depth variation and abrupt width change. A numerical algorithm for the research of 2-D stratified currents in vertical plane in flowing reservoirs is considered taking into account Coriolis force. The numerical model determines the vertical distributions of water temperature in various areas of a reservoir real meteodata. There are given examples of water currents and temperature calculations in the Krasnoyarsk Reservoir. The results of the calculations are consistent with the observational data.

Mixing and entrainment in developing stratified currents

The spatially developing region of a steady downslope current in transition from a hydraulically controlled, arrested wedge flow is examined through a set of laboratory experiments. The mixing and entrainment mechanisms at the shear interface are explored with the use of imaging techniques. The initial, unstable accelerating region, characterized by rapid development, low shear layer Richardson numbers and high entrainment rates, is limited by the effects of stratification which suppress the large-scale overturning. A subsequent high Richardson number region is characterized by weak entrainment and the collapse of turbulence from the initial region. The flow approaches a quasi-stable state as the mixed layer draws energy from the accelerating density current. Observed large-scale structure is attributed to an instability of the marginally unstable shear layer. Entrainment rates are calculated within each region for the various slopes considered and estimates for the extent of the transition regions are obtained.