Effect of Natural and Synthesized Oil Blends with Diesel by Volume on Lubrication and Performance of Internal Combustion Engine

Use of ultra-low sulfur diesel leads to improve emission but it has negative impact on lubrication. Poor lubrication leads to damage the cylinder parts and piston rings. For proper lubrication in ultra-low sulfur diesel, anti-wear agent, corrosion & Rust inhibitor, metal deactivator, Anti-oxidant, Pour point depressant, seal swell agent, viscosity improver and other are used. Viscosity improver such as polymers and copolymers of methacrylates, butadiene olefins and alkylated styrenes reduce the rate of viscosity change with temperature, metal deactivator are organic complexes containing nitrogen or sulphur, amines, sulphides and phosphites reduce catalytic effect on metals on oxidation rate, anti-wear agent such as Zinc dithiophosphates, organic phosphates and acid phosphates reduces friction and wear and prevent scoring and seizure. In this paper comparison of 5% blend of commercially available synthesized lubricating oil mixed with pure diesel by volume and 5% blend of transesterified Jatropha with pure diesel by volume is investigated. It is found that for the same brake power, indicated power provided by 5% blend of transesterified Jatropha is lower than 5% blend of lubricating oil. The friction loss for 5% blend of transesterified Jatropha is lower than 5% blend of lubricating oil. Throughout the load specific fuel consumption of 5% blend of transesterified Jatropha is lower than 5% blend of lubricating oil except at low load (i.e. before 1.5kg). Other performance parameters such as indicated thermal efficiency, brake thermal efficiency, volumetric efficiency and mechanical efficiency also support the fact that 5% blend of transesterified Jatropha shows a better performance characteristics than 5% blend of lubricating oil.

SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF PROPERTIES OF DERIVATIVES OF PHLOROGLUCINOLMETHYLVIOLOGEN AS ANTIOXIDANT ADDITIVES TO OILS

At the present time there is a need to search for new organic compounds with pronounced antioxidant activity. In this work, we studied indicators of antioxidant stability of the compounds obtained by the modification of the phloroglucinol and methylviologen, and identified the basic principles of the synthesis of antioxidant additives. Moreover, the synthesized compounds can act as metal deactivator. These deactivators are phenolic compounds containing functional groups, for example, the iminogroup, which lead to the deactivation of the metal ion through the formation of stable complexes. A literature review showed that in order to achieve it, iminogroup should be introduced. It is worth mentioning that it can reduce the solubility of the compound in hydrocarbon. To solve this problem, it is necessary to introduce higher alkyl radicals to the molecule. In this paper, a number of antioxidant additives such as aminophenols were synthesized. To obtain the antioxidants of the type of spatially hindered phenols, also able to bind cations of metals in chelate complexes, that is, potentially able to be metal deactivators, a series of Schiff bases were synthesized via an intermediate product of the acylation. In the course of the work the corresponding substituted triamine benzenes from phloroglucinol methyl and phloroglucinol were obtained. The resulting compounds exhibit high antioxidant activity. The synthesized compounds were characterized via 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The trials carried out with compounds on the basis of phloroglucinol and methylviologen showed that some of them have good antioxidant properties and can be recommended for the further more details investigation as well as for synthesis of an array with a similar structure with various substituting groups.