APPLICATION OF LPG DURING GRINDING OF METALS FROM THE POSITIONS OF MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES

One of the most important aspects of improving the quality of abrasive treatment is the improvement of the lubricating and cooling liquids used. The article describes the mechanism of processes occurring in the circle–blank contact, determined from the position of physicochemical mechanics of materials. Data on influence of rheological characteristics of “LPG + dispersion product” systems and physical and chemical properties of LPG on cutting properties of abrasive tool are presented. The behavior of this colloidal system by viscosity is described. Dependencies characterizing coagulation of metal particles between each other and with cutting profile of grinding wheel in “tool–workpiece” contact under conditions of turbulent flow of LPG and dispersion products are obtained.

The Study of the Processes of Structure Formation in the System "Portland Cement-Carbon Nanotubes-Surfactant" from the Point of View of Physicochemical Mechanics of Dispersed Systems

The article presents the studies of the processes of structure formation in the system "cement-plasticizer - crude carbon nanotubes", established the relationship with the parameters of the structure, physical-mechanical and operational properties of composite materials from the standpoint of physicochemical mechanics of dispersed systems and shows the influence of processes on the physical-mechanical properties of cement composites.

Mechanical approach to chemical transport

Nonequilibrium thermodynamics describes the rates of transport phenomena with the aid of various thermodynamic forces, but often the phenomenological transport coefficients are not known, and the description is not easily connected with equilibrium relations. We present a simple and intuitive model to address these issues. Our model is based on Lagrangian dynamics for chemical systems with dissipation, so one may think of the model as physicochemical mechanics. Using one main equation, the model allows a systematic derivation of all transport and equilibrium equations, subject to the limitation that heat generated or absorbed in the system must be small for the model to be valid. A table with all major examples of transport and equilibrium processes described using physicochemical mechanics is given. In equilibrium, physicochemical mechanics reduces to standard thermodynamics and the Gibbs–Duhem relation, and we show that the First and Second Laws of thermodynamics are satisfied for our system plus bath model. Out of equilibrium, our model provides relationships between transport coefficients and describes system evolution in the presence of several simultaneous external fields. The model also leads to an extension of the Onsager–Casimir reciprocal relations for properties simultaneously transported by many components.