Ivan Turgenev als Netzwerker: Digitale Kuratierung seiner europäischen, insbesondere deutschen literarischen Kontakte (am Beispiel seines Briefwechsels vom Juni 1868 bis Mai 1869)

The Russian writer Ivan Sergeevič Turgenev (1818–83), who lived in Western Europe (Germany, England, and France) during the second half of his life, is considered the most important mediator between Russia and Europe in the nineteenth century due to his wide and intensive contacts in East and West. The paper aims to trace Turgenev’s literary and cultural contacts using the epistemological model of the net and current methods of analyzing social networks on a quantitative and qualitative level. In concrete terms, Turgenev’s postal relations from a single year (from June 1868 to May 1869) are presented and evaluated in tabular form and as GEPHI graphs. Beyond the purely quantitative network visualization and viewing, the attempt is made to provide a cultural weighting of the exchange, especially of Turgenev’s German contacts. The network-specific weighting of these contacts results in a different emphasis than usual in Turgenev research, which focuses on Turgenev’s contacts with important German writers. The qualitative analysis carried out on the basis of the visualization shows that Turgenev’s contacts with literary celebrities such as Theodor Storm, Berthold Auerbach, and Paul Heyse proved to be weak ties. In contrast, his relationship with the little-known literary figure Ludwig Pietsch deserves to be called a strong tie. Turgenev’s position and agency in the network can be described with Burt as a “broker” attitude.

»Bildung und Wissen, und zwar in volkstümlicher Weise, dem allgemeinen Verständnis zugänglich machen«

The nineteenth-century journal Westermanns Monatshefte was a publication that aimed to collect and register the contemporary knowledge of its time for a bourgeois audience. In doing so, the journal served – as this article will show – as a tradition-generating institution within the cultural field. With respect to the literary field in particular, this cultural journal tried to promote a traditional form of novella as a leading literary genre, an endeavour which can particularly be seen in the journal’s collaboration with Paul Heyse.

La doble transformación de un texto de Miguel de Cervantes en un poema alemán y en un Lied: el ensalmo de Preciosa “Cabecita, cabecita” de la novela ejemplar La gitanilla

En este trabajo se va a exponer, describir y analizar la transformación de un texto cervantino extraído de la primera novela ejemplar de Cervantes, La gitanilla. En primer lugar, se estudiará la traducción al alemán realizada por Paul Heyse y publicada dentro de la colección de poesía castellana Spanisches Liederbuch (1852) de E. Geibel y P. Heyse. Y, en segundo lugar, se analizará la transformación en lied de la mano del compositor austriaco H. Wolf como el nº 14 de los Weltliche Lieder del Spanisches Liederbuch (1889-1890), bajo el título de Köpfchen, Köpfchen, nicht gewimmert. Se mostrarán las modificaciones y aportaciones del traductor al texto de la novela ejemplar, destacando los elementos originales —semánticos y formales—, que jugarán un papel crucial en la composición musical de Wolf. En la versión liederística se señalarán qué aspectos del poema español han permanecido y qué otros nuevos se han aportado, incidiendo en la traslación de las emociones contenidas en el texto poético mediante el diseño melódico, armónico, y la conformación de la parte vocal e instrumental.