Role of Triphala Kwatha Gandusha in the management of Aphthous ulcer: A review study

Mukhapaka (Stomatitis) is a common ailment seen in general practice. The Pittaja Mukhapaka (Aphthous ulcer) is fully described in Ayurveda under the term Mukha rogas. Oral ulcers are estimated to impact 4% of the global population, with aphthous ulcers being the most frequent, affecting up to 25% of the global population. Psychological stress, hormonal impacts, dietary sensitivity, and nutritional insufficiency are the primary causes of Pittaja Mukhapaka (Aphthous ulcer). It is a painful and frequently recurring inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa that can develop as a result of several well-defined disease processes. As a result, Gandusha is described as one of the key therapies in the Ayurvedic system of medicine for both preventing and treating oral cavity illnesses. Triphala (tri means three and phala means fruits) is an Ayurvedic preparation made up of three equal parts of Indian subcontinent herbal fruits: Terminalia belerica, Phyllanthus emblica, and Terminalia chebula. Triphala includes powerful antioxidants as well as other bioactive substances such as flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, amino acids, fatty acids, and different carbohydrates. As a result, it promotes the maintenance and promotion of oral hygiene by exerting a cleansing activity and strengthening the defence mechanism in the oral cavity. An attempt is made in this regard to discuss the role of Triphala Kwatha Gandusha in Pittaja Mukhapaka.

Effects of Structured Exercise Program on Tenderness and Cyclic Mastalgia in Obese Women: An Experimental Study

Background: Cyclic Mastalgia affects women who are menstruating in their 20s, 30s, or 40s. This pain starts about a week before commencing menstruation. During this period, the breasts become sore, tender, and swollen, though symptoms improve later in the cycle or it may be so severe that the patients cannot wear tight fitting clothes or they becomes irritable. The discomfort usually occurs outside and upper portions of both breasts, and it may even affect underarms. Cyclical Mastalgia is a common condition associated with a higher risk of breast cancer. Mastalgia is common ailment that affects about 70% of women and has negative impact on their quality of life. Many scientists believe that the cause of cyclic mastalgia lies in a mix of hormonal activity and something in the breast that reacts to it. Mastalgia is a term used to describe women's discomfort with their breasts, although doctors usually neglect it. Methods: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 30 women will be selected for the study. A questionnaire of breast pain based on the McGill Pain Questionnaire, and a Cardiff chart, will all be employed as outcome measures. The individuals' pre-intervention scores will be collected, and they will be given an exercise routine to follow for four weeks, three times per week. The outcomes of the intervention will be measured afterwards. Our protocol will cover weeks of treatment. Reqular assessment will be carried out. Discussion: This study was done to find out effectivness of exercise program in obese womens with breast mastalgia and tenderness.

Dysmenorrhea : Alternative and Complementary Approach

Dysmenorrhea is a common ailment among women that can cause substantial physical and emotional suffering as well as life disruption. Women, on the other hand, may not seek professional help in order to alleviate this ailment. It is usually primary (functional) in teens and young adults, and is linked with normal ovulatory cycles and no pelvic disease. Reproductive age. Pelvic abnormalities such as endometriosis or uterine anomalies are observed in about 10% of adolescents and young adults with severe dysmenorrhea symptoms. Dysmenorrhea is the most prevalent cause of recurring short-term school absence in adolescent girls and a common condition in reproductive-age women.

Herbs used in treatment of mouth ulcer- a review

The traditional medical study is an integral part of the culture and the perception of health by indigenous population in almost world since primordial times. India has used its knowledge of traditional or herbal medicine to prevent and cure diseases. As herbal medicine have fewer side effects in comparison with synthetic medicine they are getting increase patient compliance against allopathic medicines. Oral ulcers are very common ailment of the oral mucosal membrane. An open sore of the skin or mucus membrane lining marked by sloughing of inflamed dead tissue is known as a mouth ulcer. In this article we discuss on the topic “herbal gel for the treatment of mouth ulcer”. There is a list of herbs which contain flavonoids which are most commonly used for the treatment.

Neurological Phytotherapy by Indigenous People of Rif, Morocco

The Rif region has a rich culture of popular medicine use and valuable medicinal plant practices. This study aimed to assess the potential concerning medicinal plants used in the treatment of neurological diseases. An ethnobotanical survey has been carried out in the Rif for two periods from June 2016 to June 2018. To gather information about indigenous medicinal plants, 520 indigenous people of Rif were interviewed. The data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and free listening, analyzed, and compared. A total of 42 plant species belonging to 37 genera and 23 families were mentioned to be used for treatment by the informants. Lamiaceae was the most commonly reported family in this study area. The most common ailment treated was epilepsy. The preponderance of the herbal remedies was prepared from infusion (53.4%). Leaf was the commonly used plant part (44.3%) and Marrubium vulgare L. (29.4%) was the species most commonly prescribed by indigenous healers. The results of this investigation revealed that indigenous communities living in the Rif are still reliant on plants to treat neurological diseases. These reported medicinal species can serve as a source for further investigations on these medicinal plant knowledge and future phytochemical, toxicological, and pharmacological studies.

A rare case of Escherichia coli and Rhizopus sinusitis complicated with pneumocephalus, E. coli psoas abscess and sepsis

Sinusitis is a common ailment a clinician comes across in their day-to-day practice. Simple as it may sound, it may become a very debilitating condition depending on the comorbidities of the patient and the organism involved. Rhizopus and Escherichia coli are less common organisms to affect the sinuses, but they are more common in immunocompromised patients such as patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Rhizopus can be a very debilitating infection as it erodes into the bone and blood vessels resulting in tissue necrosis. However, coinfection of both of these organisms is a very rare occurrence. Psoas abscess is also a less common infection in the immunocompetent patients but it is more common among the immunocompromised patients. It is extremely rare for both of these organisms to cause sinusitis in one patient, and for E. coli to simultaneously infect two different sites in the same patient. We report a case where a diabetic patient who had E. coli and Rhizopus coinfected sinusitis with simultaneous E. coli psoas abscess was successfully managed. The Rhizopus was treated with liposomal amphotericin B for 16 weeks while E. coli was treated with IV Meropenum. Furthermore, pneumocephalus is a condition that usually occurs following head trauma but the patient we are reporting developed pneumocephalus following Rhizopus sinusitis, which was treated with high-flow oxygen.

An Overview on Dysmenorrhea

Every month, many women suffer from menstrual cramps, but few know what causes them, which is an issue in and of itself 1. Dysmenorrhea is the leading cause of chronic short-term school absences in teenage girls1,2,3,4,5 and a common issue in reproductive-age women5,6. In reality, it is estimated that each year, over 600 million hours of work are lost due to dysmenorrhea5. Dymenorrhea is a common ailment among women that can cause severe physical and emotional pain as well as life disturbance. Women, on the other hand, do not seek clinical help in order to relieve this condition7. Menstrual pain is referred to as dysmenorrhea. It is the most common menstrual condition among females. More than half of menstruating women experience pain for 1-2 days per month. For women of reproductive age, it is a very common and often disabling disease. In reproductive-age women, the prevalence ranges from 16 to 91 percent8.

Systematic Review on Aspects of Headaches

Headaches are a very common ailment in the modern world. Unfortunately, a large number of people are not diagnosed properly, and headaches are underestimated. However, it is worth analyzing this problem to be able to treat the causes of which the headache is only a symptom. The aim of the work was to present various types of headaches and their characteristic features. To this end, a systematic review of the PubMed science base has been carried out. It is possible to distinguish mainly primary and secondary headaches. Particularly noteworthy are secondary headaches, among which, for example, headaches associated with sexual activity can be observed. It can be seen that there is a lack of scientific literature discussing this type of headache. Since there is a stigma surrounding it, this topic is avoided in research and difficult to explore due to low public awareness. In turn, the treatment of headaches does not have to be limited to pharmacological methods. The review presents effective methods of non-pharmacological treatment of headaches. Headaches are a social and economic problem. It is important to educate the patient and their families in the field of headache treatment to increase patients' awareness of the types of headaches.

Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Screening & Diagnosis based on FRAX® and BMD

Osteoporosis is a common ailment, especially in older women, yet it is one of the most under-diagnosed and undertreated diseases. Screening of patients, therefore, is invaluable to identify those who require further evaluation. We shall discuss who requires screening and further evaluation of osteoporosis and discuss the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Medical Students Regarding Self-Medication in Sore Throat: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Self-medication is a prevalent problem worldwide. Especially, knowing the pattern among medical students is pertinent as they would be future physicians. It would be interesting to find out their self-medication practices in common ailment such as sore throat. Aim: To study the patterns of self-medication in sore throat among medical students. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, online questionnaire based survey (via google forms) conducted in Muzaffarnagar Medical College in October 2020-November 2020. Total 450 students form 2nd, 3rd and final year (150 per batch) were enrolled. Out of these, only 213 consented and participated in the study (82 from 2nd year, 93 from 3rd year and 38 from final year). Results were expressed as counts (n) and percentages (%) statistical analysis was done wherever appropriate. Results: Out of 213 (113 females and 100 males), who participated in the survey, 190 (89.2%) suffered from sore throat in last 1 year and 111 (58.42%) of these self-medicated for it. Self-medication practices increased with professional year, highest being in final year (27 of 38, 71.05%). Most common class of drug used was antibiotic (consumed by n=95, 85.59%). It was followed by analgesic/antipyretic (n=82, 73.87%) and antihistaminic (n=75, 67.57%). Overall, azithromycin was the most favoured independent drug for sore throat (n=68, 71.58%). More than half of the students who preferred antibiotic other than azithromycin (n=14/27, 51.85%), discontinued it within 3 days. Majority of students (n=126, 59.15%) did not support self-medication whereas 87 students (40.85%) believed self-medication to be good. Almost 1/5th of the students (n=46, 21.60%) confirmed that they will self-medicate in future, 107(50.23%) were not sure and only 60 (28.17%) refused to practice self-medication. One fifth students (n=42, 19.72%) felt that self-medication is a part of self-care and 30 (14.08%) would recommend it to others also. Prevalence of self-medication in sore throat was in 111 students (58.42%). Conclusion: A rising trend with progression of professional year was observed. An alarming fact in the present study was the high use of antibiotic in sore throat by our undergraduates. The students need to understand the indications of the medicines they prescribe to themselves or others.