Clinical-laboratory characteristic and arterial blood pressure in children of under school and early school age with obesity

For the last 20 years obesity and overweight in childhood have become one of the most important healthcare problems for the vast majority of countries, including Russia. There is a data that obesity in early age correlates with the risk factors of chronic diseases in adultness, including diabetes, cardio-vascular diseases, arterial hypertension and many others. That is why the main goal of our survey was to compare clinical-laboratory parameters and lab based indicators and to explore the details of arterial blood pressure indicators of pre-school and younger school children with and without obesity in one region of Russia (Lipetsk Region). We have analyzed those parameters in 2 groups of children: first group consisted of 50 children with obesity, and second 50 children with normal body mass. For checking the differences between two groups we have used Students t-test or its counterpart for independent samples MannWhitney U-test in cases when the variances of the values were high. The results of survey have shown the high index of hereditary burden among children with obesity, more birth weight of those ones, higher levels of glucose, cholesterol, and low density triglicerids andindex atherogenicity. The measurements of arterial blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) three times per day every day during a week showed significant increasing from mornings to evenings and from the beginning to the end of the week. The highest number of significant coefficients of correlation has been revealed between body mass of the children with obesity and arterial blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) during the day.

A quick laboratory X-ray reflectometer for time-resolved observations

The measurement of the X-ray reflectivity curve is a widely used method to obtain structural information about thin films, surfaces and interfaces. With conventional instruments, the reflectivity curve is measured sequentially for a range of incident angles, which takes a long time. A recently developed method using white synchrotron radiation can measure the whole curve at once [1, 2]. In this contribution, the adaption of this method to a laboratory characteristic X-ray source is presented. This will make it possible to do time-resolved or high-throughput measurements using standard laboratory sources. The basic idea of our method is to focus the divergent X-ray beam emitted from a point source with either a doubly-curved Si crystal monochromator or a bent-twisted Si crystal monochromator [1]. Instead of using the whole beam, however, only the fan-shaped beam from a diagonal line on the monochromator is focused onto the sample. This is realized by placing an inclined slit before the monochoromator. The beam reflected from the sample forms a line on a two-dimensional pixel array detector. For each horizontal position on the detector, the incident angle onto the sample, and therefore the momentum transfer, is different. The reflectivity curve for a range of momentum transfers can therefore be measured with a single detector exposure without moving the sample, monochromator or detector. Reflectivity curves from a silicon wafer sample measured by our method are compared with the conventional angle scan method in the figure. The reflectivity down to 10 to the -7th power can be obtained, because the background can be subtracted from the measured intensity. We will show an example of time-resolved (10 s) measurements of specular X-ray reflectivity curves. We will also discuss the momentum transfer range that can be measured simultaneously and factors limiting the resolution of the method.

Clinical and laboratory characteristic and age features of the patients with Epstein-Barr virus infection

123 patients with acute and chronic EBV infection were under observation. The aim of this study was to determine differences in clinical course of acute and chronic diseases. Diagnosis in all patients was confirmed by serologic tests results. We described 3 most common variants of chronic EBV infection: reactivation, incomplete remission and atypical reactivation. The most frequent in patients with chronic EBV infection weretoxical, lymphoproliferative, cardiac and arthralgic syndromes.