Voltage stabilization of a controlled autonomous magnetoelectric generator with a magnetic shunt and permanent magnet excitation

The paper presents the results of testing and research of the characteristics of a controlled autonomous magnetoelectric synchronous generator with a magnetic shunt. Structurally, the studied generator is a modified asynchronous machine in which the rotor is made with permanent magnets and an additional system in the form of a magnetic shunt. By adjusting the winding current of the magnetic shunt, the output voltage of the generator is regulated. The following characteristics were investigated: the no-load characteristic during operation with permanent magnets and when the winding current of the magnetic shunt changes with forward and reverse polarity. Also, the external characteristic for active and active-inductive loads; the control characteristic when the load current changes at a constant generator voltage. Analysis of the obtained characteristics makes it possible to determine the limits of regulation of the external characteristic, which is ≈40 % relative to the main magnetic flux. The obtained regulation depth allows maintaining the stability of the external characteristic for power factors not exceeding 0.9, which is the usual passport value for autonomous power plants based on synchronous generators. Comparison of the data of research conducted on the experimental setup shows sufficient convergence for engineering and practical tasks. The maximum quantitative difference is 9.3 %, which suggests the adequacy of the previously developed mathematical model. The control characteristic, constructed experimentally at constant generator voltage, is the control law of the magnetic shunt winding for the studied generator. The investigated version of a synchronous generator with a magnetic shunt should be used for autonomous power plants, renewable energy systems, and autonomous power supply systems.

Evaluasi Pengaruh Tegangan Kerja Generator terhadap Kualitas Tegangan Jaringan pada PT.PLN (Persero) Area Luwuk

One of the service quality parameters is that the voltage supplied to consumers is always at the set value, which is 20 kV for medium voltage and 380/220 Volt for low voltage, many factors can affect the magnitude of the voltage starting when the voltage is generated by the generator, the process distribution to consumers by using a conductor and the amount of load that is on the feeder. This study aims to determine how much influence the generator output voltage has on changes in voltage in the medium voltage network and how much voltage drop occurs at the JTM until it reaches the consumer. The results show that the generator output voltage will affect the base voltage, the greater the generator output voltage, the greater the base voltage and operating voltage of the system. The voltage drop along the industrial feeder before the generator voltage is increased is 281,856 Volts or if it is used as a percentage of 1.441% but when the generator output voltage is increased the voltage drop in the industrial feeder decreases by 277.016 Volts or if it is used as a percentage of 1.392%.

Investigation of the Emission Higher Harmonics into the Generator Grid

The article considers a section of the grid with generator voltage busbars (GRU-10 kV) of one of the hydroelectric power plants HPP-I of a large cascade HPP, which supplies electricity to an aluminium plant via two busbars. It is described that the plant load includes converter units, including: transformers, bridge rectifier blocks and saturation chokes, which are powerful sources of harmonic disturbances. An overview of the developed model and the principles of its construction for studying the influence a powerful non-linear load on the generator is given. Analysis of the results calculations on the model showed that the load of an industrial enterprise creates current and voltage distortions in the electrical s not only of the plant itself, but also in urban grids, and on the busbars of the generator voltage HPP-I. The article analyzes the influence of the current effects of a large industrial enterprise load in asymmetric modes on hydrogenerators by evaluating torsional vibrations and tangential vibrations in generators. It is shown that tangential forces of double frequency (100 Hz) practically do not create significant vibration displacements when the natural frequency of the frontal parts basket is adjusted.

Optimal PID Controllers for AVR System Considering Excitation Voltage Limitations Using Hybrid Equilibrium Optimizer

Automatic voltage regulator (AVR) represents the basic voltage regulator loop in power systems. The central part of this loop is the regulator, which has parameters that define the speed of the voltage regulation, quality of responses, and system stability. Furthermore, it has an impact on the excitation voltage change and value, especially during transients. In this paper, unlike literature approaches, the experimental verifications of the impact of regulator parameters on the excitation voltage and current value are presented. A novel hybrid metaheuristic algorithm for obtaining regulator parameters determination of the AVR system, and a novel regulator design taking into account excitation voltage limitation are presented. The proposed algorithm combines the properties and characteristics of equilibrium optimizer and evaporation rate water cycle algorithms. The proposed algorithm is effective, fast, and accurate. Both experimental and simulation results show that the limitation of the excitation voltage increases the settling time of the generator voltage during reference change. Additionally, the simulation results show that the optimal values of PID parameters are smaller for limited excitation voltage values.

Perancangan Prototipe Turbin Angin Sumbu Horizontal Skala Laboratorium Dengan Inverter

A horizontal axis wind turbine design research has been carried out using an inverter. This study aims to generate the output power generated by the generator through an inverter. So that the use of an inverter can turn on the 10 watt lamp. From the research results obtained turbine rotation varied between 1357 rpm to 2415 rpm producing a generator voltage of 3.05 volts to 4.61 volts and generator currents 32mA up to 49 mA. The inverter produces a voltage of 16.57 volts up to 20.46 volts and an inverter current of 0.60 amperes up to 0.48 amperes. The greater the rotation of the wind turbine turbine, the greater the generator voltage generated and so is the voltage of the inverter. While the current will increase as the turbine rotation increases and the inverse of the inverter current will decrease as the turbine rotation increases.

Variable Speed DC Generator Voltage Control using a Multistage Comparator

DC generator with variable rotation will produce uncontrolled voltage, causing problems in its utilization. In this study, it is proposed to develop a voltage control on the generator, in order to produce a fairly controllable and reliable voltage, with an analog circuit using a multistage comparator. Control of the generator output voltage is carried out by adjusting the field current from a separate voltage source which is forwarded to the resistance which is regulated based on the generator output voltage level with a multilevel comparison system. The results obtained are the output voltage ranges from 26 to 30 Volts and the output current ranges from 3 to 20 Amperes. This provides operational safety for the generator and battery. This technology can be used in dc generator systems in automotive engines, windmills, and other power plants.

Design of 4-stage Marx generator using gas discharge tube

In this paper, a Marx generator voltage multiplier as an impulse generator made of multi-stage resistors and capacitors to generate a high voltage is proposed. In order to generate a high voltage pulse, a number of capacitors are connected in parallel to charge up during on time and then in series to generate higher voltage during off period. In this research, a 6kV Marx generator voltage multiplier is designed using gas discharge tube (GDT) as an electronic switch to breakdown voltage. The Marx generator circuit is designed to charge the storage capacitor for high impulse voltage and current generator applications. According to IEC 61000-4-5 class 4 standards, the storage capacitor must be charged up to 4 kV. The results show that the proposed Marx generator can produce voltages up to 6.8 kV. However, the storage capacitor could be charged up to 1 kV, instead of 4 kV in the standard. That is because the output impulse voltage has narrow time period.

Modeling and Analysis of the Dynamic Response of an Off-Grid Synchronous Generator Driven Micro Hydro Power System

This paper models and analyses the dynamic response of a synchronous generator driven off-grid micro hydro power system using Simulink tool of MATLAB software. The results are assessed from various perspectives including regulation through no load to full load and overload scenarios under normal and abnormal operating conditions. The investigation under the normal conditions of no load, linearly changing load and full load divulges that the system operates in a satisfactory manner as generator voltage and frequency remain approximately constant at 1 pu. However, at full load generator voltage and frequency drop 3% and 0.5% respectively from its nominal values but remain within prescribed standard IEC limits. The results also expose that the abnormal conditions produced by abrupt changes in load, system faults and severe overload, cause the unwonted variations in the magnitude of generator parameters. Moreover, the study reveals that the system stability significantly enhances when the system is run at full load because the regulation time to fix the variations in the generator parameters; except input mechanical power; decreases, e.g. from 4.1 sec to 0.8 sec for generator voltage, with the increase in the loading from quarter to full load respectively at unity power factor. Further, it is also observed that the regulation time rises, e.g. from 0.8 sec to 1.3 sec for generator voltage, with the reduction in load power factor from unity to 0.8, respectively. Thus, proper protection, to cater for increased fault current at full load and power factor correction must be provided to improve the system stability and protection. Furthermore, it is also concluded that the over loading in any case should be strongly avoided in this type of system and it should never be allowed to exceed 20% of the full load value to avoid system failure