BSA Adsorption and Antibiofilm Properties of (N-Cyclohexylacrylamide-co-Acrylamide/AMPSNa) Hydrogels

The hydrogels poly (N-cyclohexylacrylamide-co-acrylamide/2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesodiumsulfonate) i.e.poly(NCA-co-AM/AMPSNa) (HG41,HG42,HG43&HG44) were synthesised via free-radical copolymerization of NCA and (AM) in a fixed proportion (50:50), but varying the ionic monomer-AMPSNa (0.1g,0.3g,0.5 d 0.7g) in a medium of mixture of water and methanol at 60°C in an oil bath, Potassium persulfate (KPS) was used as an initiator, while N,N'-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) was used as a cross-linker. FT-IR spectral data, SEM, XRD, and TGA techniques were used to characterise the synthesised hydrogel (HG43). On changing pH(3.0, 5.0, 7.0 & 9.0), the amount of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) adsorption efficiency by these hydrogels was evaluated. At pH 5.0, which is near to BSA's isoelectric point (4.7)., the maximum adsorption was found. BSA adsorption increased as the amount of AMPSNa increased. SEM and XRD were used to examine the BSA-adsorbed hydrogel (HG43). The antibiofilm abilities of the hydrogel (HG43) by Microtiter plate Assay(MTP), Fluorescence microscopy and SEMl against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aureginosa displayed outstanding efficacy.

Effect of a Monomer Composition on the Mechanical Properties and Glass Transition Temperature of a Waterborne Polyurethane/Graphene Oxide and Waterborne Polyurethane/MWCNT Nanocomposite

Anionic waterborne polyurethane (aWPU) is not compatible with graphene oxide (GO) due to the repulsive force acting on identical ionic charges. In this study, we fabricated cationic surfactant treated GO and cationic surfactant treated carbon nanotube (CNT) to increase the compatibility with aWPU. Cationic waterborne polyurethane (WPU) and nanocomposites thereof were also prepared. On the basis of the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites, glass transition temperature (Tg), and a stability test, it was found that the compatibility between WPU and a nanofiller (NF) was enhanced to a great extent when WPU and NF had opposite ionicity. The Tg and mechanical properties of WPU increased with the addition of NF, showed the maximum value and thereafter decreased with further addition. The effect of composition of ionic monomer in WPU was also investigated. As the composition of the ionic monomer increases, the concentration of NF for the maximum Tg and mechanical properties increases. This was attributed to the ionic association between the NF and WPU.

Preparation of tough, thermally stable, and water-resistant double-network ion gels consisting of silica nanoparticles/poly(ionic liquid)s through photopolymerisation of an ionic monomer and subsequent solvent removal

A tough, thermally stable, and water-resistant silica nanoparticles/poly(ionic liquid) double-network ion gel was developed.

Irreversible fatal contrast-induced encephalopathy: a case report

Background: Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a well-known complication of iodinated contrast agents during angiography and vascular interventions. It can manifest as hemiparesis, cortical blindness, speech changes, Parkinsonism, confusion, seizure, and coma. Most of the reported CIE cases have been transient and reversible. Irreversible fatal CIE cases have been rarely reported. All the fatal CIE cases reported involved the use of ionic high osmolar contrast agents. Here, we document a heretofore unreported fatal CIE after digital subtraction angiography（DSA）using iopamidol, which is a type of non-ionic monomer low osmolar contrast agent. Case presentation: A 71-year-old woman was admitted to our Department of Neurology for tinnitus in the head. The cerebral magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) detected atherosclerotic cerebral arteries and bilateral stenosis of the middle cerebral arteries. The patient underwent DSA for further diagnostic work-up. The total amount of iopamidol used during the procedure was 110 ml. The patient experienced headache during the procedure, followed by dizziness with nausea and vomiting. Despite treatment with anti-oedema medications, her clinical status was gradually deteriorating and ended up with deep coma due to irreversible cerebral oedema which was confirmed by cerebral computed tomography (CT). Finally, the patient died 56 days after the procedure due to irreversible fatal cerebral oedema. Conclusions: This report documents that iopamidol-induced encephalopathy may not always have a benign outcome and can result in irreversible fatal cerebral oedema.

Irreversible fatal contrast-induced encephalopathy: a case report

Background: Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a well-known complication of iodinated contrast agents during angiography and vascular interventions. It can manifest as hemiparesis, cortical blindness, speech changes, Parkinsonism, confusion, seizure, and coma. Most of the reported CIE cases have been transient and reversible. Irreversible fatal CIE cases have been rarely reported. All the fatal CIE cases reported involved the use of ionic high osmolar contrast agents. Here, we document a heretofore unreported fatal CIE after digital subtraction angiography（DSA）using iopamidol, which is a type of non-ionic monomer low osmolar contrast agent. Case presentation: A 71-year-old woman was admitted to our Department of Neurology for paroxysmal buzzing of the brain. The cerebral magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) indicated the presence of arteriosclerosis of the cerebral arteries and bilateral stenosis of the middle cerebral arteries. The patient underwent DSA for further diagnostic work-up. The total amount of iopamidol used during the procedure was 110 ml. The patient experienced headache during the procedure, followed by dizziness with nausea and vomiting. Although the patient was treated with anti-oedema drugs, her deterioration was continuous. She gradually became comatose and suffered irreversible fatal cerebral oedema, which was confirmed by cerebral computed tomography (CT). Finally, the patient died 56 days after the procedure due to irreversible fatal cerebral oedema. Conclusions: This report documents that iopamidol-induced encephalopathy may not always have a benign outcome and can result in irreversible fatal cerebral oedema.

Irreversible fatal contrast-induced encephalopathy: a case report

Background: Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a well known complication of iodinated contrast agents during angiography and vascular interventions. It can be manifested as hemiparesis, cortical blindness, speech changes, parkinsonism, confusion, seizure, and coma etc. Most of the reported CIE cases were transient and reversible. Irreversible fatal CIE cases were rarely reported. All the fatal CIE cases reported before used the ionic high osmolar contrast agents. Here we document a heretofore unreported fatal CIE after digital subtraction angiography（DSA）using iopamidol, which is a type of non-ionic monomer low osmolar contrast agent. Case presentation: A 71-year-old woman was admitted to our neurology department for paroxysmal buzzing of the brain. The cerebral magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) indicated arteriosclerosis of cerebral arteries and stenosis of bilateral middle cerebral arteries. Then she took DSA for further diagnosis. Total amount of iopamidol used during the procedure was 110 ml. The patient manifested headache during the procedure, and then had dizziness with nausea and vomiting. Although the patient was treated with anti-edema drugs, the deterioration was continuous, she gradually became coma state, and suffered irreversible fatal cerebral edema, which had been confirmed by cerebral computed tomography (CT) scans. At last, the patient died 56 days after the procedure due to irreversible fatal cerebral edema. Conclusions: This report indicates that iopamidol induced encephalopathy may not always have a benign outcome and can cause irreversible fatal cerebral edema. Keywords: Digital subtraction angiography; iodinated contrast agents; complications; contrast-induced encephalopathy

Efficient metal-free strategies for polymerization of a sterically hindered ionic monomer through the application of hard confinement and high pressure

The effect of hard confinement and high pressure on the progress of free-radical and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerizations of sterically hindered 1-octyl-3-vinylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([OVIM][NTf2]) has been investigated.