Anthoc Based Trust Behavioural Network (Anthoc-tbn) Assist to Detect Blackhole Attack by Discover Secure Route

MANET is a wireless topology mainly used to grouping several mobile nodes as network. This wireless network is highly vulnerable by several security threads. Blackhole attack, a severe thread that voluntarily disrupts the healthy nodes and turn it as malicious node. So, introducing security mechanism can forcefully work together to defeat the black hole attack. In this paper, a new approach of AntHoc based trust behavioural network (AntHoc-TBN) model is introduced. This model effectively discovers the route with trust based packet transmission take place. Here, the forward ant agent performs shortest distance computation to discover the route. So that, Dijikstra algorithm is employed to detect the shortest route of all other nodes from source. Then, trust procedure is applied to find that corresponding node is trustable or not. Based on trust threshold, the respective intermediate node is computed and stored the updated value in extended data routing information (EDRI) table. Once the condition is not satisfied, then updated value in EDRI table tends to be distrust node and the concerned node is eliminated from the routing table. Now, the trusted node becomes an active path after that the packet has to be sent. Likewise, the same process is repeated for backward ant agent to transfer the Ack message from destination to source. To simulate the process, the result reveals that the AntHoc-TBN model improves its efficiency by lowest delay, packet loss and routing overhead. And also, the technique gets highest value of packet delivery ratio. The performance measures of our proposed model achieves better outcome when compared to existing techniques such as AODV, AntNet and AntHoc Net.

Fuzzy Logic Based Enhanced AOMDV with Link Status Classification for Efficient Multi-Path Routing in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks

Nodes in a multi-hop wireless network rely on each other to maintain network connectivity. A primary design objective of these networks is to eliminate or minimize the unavailability of network at some point. However, the movement of nodes creates service disruption and delay as path failure detection and re-establishment consume considerable amount of time. Existing solutions for link classification and prediction operate on discrete values resulting in performance degradation. This problem can best be modelled using fuzzy logic. This work presents a new fuzzy logic based link status classification mechanism for the use with multipath routing protocols in multi-hop wireless networks. The new Enhanced Adhoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (eAOMDV) uses fuzzy logic to classify the link status as active, about-to-break or broken. On the basis of fuzzy input parameters RSSI, velocity, distance and bit error rate, the fuzzy based classification mechanism predicts in advance that a particular link, on the active path between the sender and receiver, is about-to-break and helps the reactive multipath routing protocol to start the rerouting operation, thus minimizing the service disruption time, route discovery frequency, end-to-end delay and the packet loss.

An Improved Backstepping-Based Controller for Three-Dimensional Trajectory Tracking of a Midwater Trawl System

An improved backstepping control method for three-dimensional trajectory tracking of a midwater trawl system is investigated. A new mathematical model of the trawl system while considering the horizontal expansion effect of two otter boards is presented based on the Newton Euler method. Subsequently, an active path tracking strategy of the trawl system based on the backstepping method is proposed. The nonstrict feedback characteristic of the proposed model employs a control allocation method and several parallel nonlinear PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) controllers to eliminate the high-order state variables. Then, the stability analysis by the Lyapunov Stability Theory shows that the proposed controller can maintain the stability of the trawl system even with the presence of external disturbances. To validate the proposed controller, a simulation comparison with a linear PID controller was conducted. The simulation results illustrate that the improved backstepping controller is effective for three-dimensional trajectory tracking of the midwater trawl system.

Availability Improvement of Layer 2 Seamless Networks Using OpenFlow

The network robustness and reliability are strongly influenced by the implementation of redundancy and its ability of reacting to changes. In situations where packet loss or maximum latency requirements are critical, replication of resources and information may become the optimal technique. To this end, the IEC 62439-3 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) provides seamless recovery in layer 2 networks by delegating the redundancy management to the end-nodes. In this paper, we present a combination of the Software-Defined Networking (SDN) approach and PRP topologies to establish a higher level of redundancy and thereby, through several active paths provisioned via the OpenFlow protocol, the global reliability is increased, as well as data flows are managed efficiently. Hence, the experiments with multiple failure scenarios, which have been run over the Mininet network emulator, show the improvement in the availability and responsiveness over other traditional technologies based on a single active path.

The Study of Stress Corrosion Cracking in Aluminum Alloy 7075(W) under Tensile Loading by Eddy Current Measurement

The double cantilever beam has been widely used in the past and has proved one of the most popular designs for measuring the growth rate of stress corrosion cracks in materials. In this study, the double cantilever beam specimens were used to study the effect of tensile loading on stress corrosion cracking behaviour in aluminium alloy 7075(W). Cracks initiated readily in 3.5%NaCl solution with tensile loading conditions. Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) development was found to follow an intergranular path, which strongly depended on microstructure of material. Tests also were carried out to measure the threshold stress intensity, KISCC, which SCC would not occur. The SCC test was explained by an active path mechanism due to the galvanic interaction between grain boundary precipitates and adjacent precipitate-free zones. Crack lengths were measured with an eddy current bore probe and confirmed by optical metallography. The data from the eddy current tests on real stress corrosion cracks were used to construct an eddy current calibration curve for predicting stress corrosion crack lengths of aluminium alloy 7075(W).