State and prospects of development of tomato breeding in modern market conditions

Relevance. To meet the needs of the population and commodity producers in the south of Russia in tomatoes, it is necessary to develop varieties and hybrids of various directions that have high productivity, increased fruit quality and resistance to fungal and bacterial diseases, that meet modern production technologies and market requirements, as well as have an acceptable price for seeds.Aim of study – creation of new maternal tomato lines with functional male sterility for open ground for various purposes (for fresh consumption, whole-fruit canning,), which will make it possible to create highly productive hybrids that meet the agro-climatic conditions of the south of Russia in the future.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in a breeding film greenhouse and in field conditions on the territory of the experimental plot of FSBSI "Federal Scientific Rice Centre" of the central soil-climatic zone of Krasnodar region. The object of research were mid-ripening tomato varieties included in the competitive testing, sterile tomato lines, new F1 hybrids based on FMS, collection and breeding material. The types of crosses used in the work: analyzing, saturating, top-crosses. To speed up the process of developing new sterile tomato lines in winter, artificial climate chambers were used.Results. As a result of the research, promising new functionally sterile lines of tomato were identified, differing in the length of the vegetation period, weight, color, fruit shape, biochemical parameters, with a number of useful economically valuable traits.

FUNCTIONAL MALE STERILITY IN EGGPLANT: INHERITANCE AND LINKAGE TO THE PURPLE FRUIT COLOR GENE

The functional male sterile (fms) eggplant (Solanum melohgena L.) germplasm UGA 1-MS was crossed with two cultivars, `UGA 18 White' and `Florida Market' with normal anthers to derive F1, F2, and BC populations. Functional male sterility (fms) was governed by a single recessive allele. The gene symbol fms is proposed for this male sterile characteristic. The functional male sterility gene was linked to purple fruit color at the X/x locus. Our observations also revealed that the purple or violet color ware not only on the fruit peel, but also on the anthers and leaf buds if the eggplant fruit was purple or violet. In the transmission of parents and progenies of the cross of UGA 1-MS × `UGA 18 White', the purple line on the anther and leaf bud purple color ware tightly associated with fruit purple color. Thus, it is assumed that the allele X controls not only purple fruit, but also the expression of the purple line on the anther and purple leaf bud.