Perceived Safety Benefits of Aftermarket Driver Support Systems: Results from a Large Scale European Field Operational Test (FOT)

A field operational test (FOT) is a technique used within traffic safety to evaluate the overall value of in-vehicle information systems (IVISs) under normal operating conditions. In this study, a pan-European FOT was used to evaluate Navigation, Speed Information/Alert, Traffic Information, and Green Driving Support functions together with participants’ perceptions of safety’ before, during, and after using the functions. Through utilization and adherence to the FOT methodology, data were collected over a period ranging from 8 to 16 months in five European countries in order to assess the driver pre-conceived ideas and subsequent subjective and objective experiences with the IVIS functions. Several analyses of data were conducted, and this paper describes the results relating to the ‘user-experience’ as evaluated through subjective responses. The study showed that before the FOTs started, overall participants expected a higher safety benefit through using Speed Alert compared to the other functions. This function was also perceived to offer the highest safety benefit after the FOT had been completed. Perceptions of safety were found to be lowest for the green-driving function. The results offer insights into public expectations of IVIS functions and how these change with experience and overall; they suggest that, in some cases, the perception to safety benefits could be somewhat misplaced.

PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN SIKAP ILMIAH SAINS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR (SD) BERBASIS PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER

This study aims to develop scientific science attitudes assessment instruments that can be used in elementary school-based values of character education. This research is a research development (R & D) conducted for one year with preliminary study stage, product development, product trial and product dissemination developed. A preliminary study was conducted by surveying the implementation of the science assessment in primary school. The preliminary study results show that teachers in 10 surveyed schools have never implemented a scientific attitude assessment in science learning. At the stage of product development, has developed a scientific attitude assessment instrument that has been validated by experts. The product trials were conducted in three stages: initial field test, main field test and field operational test. In the initial field test, it was conducted in two schools with 20 respondents in each class. Initial field test results show that the instrument reliability level is good, but there are still some invalid items that are 11 items in class IV, 8 items in class V and 7 items in class VI. This is because there are still some respondents who have not read smoothly so that they have difficulty in answering questions. In the main field test, it was conducted in 8 schools with 91 respondents. The main field test result is that there are 5 invalid questions, both in class IV, V and VI. Operational field tests were carried out with the number of respondents each 13 students from 10 schools. Field operational test results are all items declared valid and reliable. The last stage is to disseminate products through scientific forums such as seminars and socialization to schools. The scientific attitude instruments developed in this study can be used by elementary teachers to assess the scientific attitudes of elementary students.

Connected and Automated Vehicles

This article focuses on dynamics and control of connected and automated vehicles. The complexity and difficulty can grow significantly from low automation levels to higher levels. The paper briefly highlights three challenges, i.e., sensing, localization, and perception. The Mobility Transformation Center (MTC) is a public/private research and development partnership led by the University of Michigan. MTC aims to develop the foundations for a viable ecosystem of CAVs. A popular alternative to test high-automation-level AVs is the Naturalistic-Field Operational Test (N-FOT). In an N-FOT, a number of equipped vehicles are tested under naturalistic driving conditions over an extended period. In the near future, connected and automated vehicle technologies are expected to be deployed rapidly. While there has been a lot of research in, and attention to, the field of sensing, localization, and perception, this paper aims to point out a few areas related to the field of dynamics and control that are opportunities for further research.