Perineal swelling secondary to a vaginal wall cyst in a bitch in dioestrus

Vaginal cysts are a rare pathology of the female reproductive tract and are usually asymptomatic and often incidental in human and veterinary medicine. A seven-year and 11-month-old intact female bearded collie was referred for further investigations of a two-and-a-half-week history of a slow-growing perineal swelling that was noticed three to four weeks following oestrus. Ultrasound and CT images were acquired, which revealed that an intravaginal cystic mass was the cause of the aforementioned swelling. Following removal of the mass, histopathology revealed a fully excised vaginal cyst lined by simple cuboidal periodic acid-Schiff-positive epithelium most consistent with paramesonephric (Müllerian) origin. To the authors’ knowledge this is the first reported case of an extra-abdominal vaginal wall cyst in a bitch in dioestrus causing perineal swelling.

Use of Polypropylene Mesh in Addition to Internal Obturator Transposition: A Review of 59 Cases (2000–2004)

Fifty-nine dogs with a total of 69 perineal hernias that were repaired by internal obturator transposition and polypropylene mesh reinforcement were reviewed. Thirty-six dogs were available for follow-up at a mean of 29.4 months postoperatively. Six dogs had complications within the first 60 days of surgery, such as perineal swelling, persistent tenesmus, and incisional infections. Twenty-two dogs had excellent outcomes; seven dogs needed continued medical treatment after surgery; and seven dogs had poor outcomes. Hernias recurred in five dogs. The incisional infection rate was 5.6%; the recurrence rate was 12.5%; and the overall success rate was 80.5% for the 36 dogs with long-term follow-up.

Hemophilia A in a German shorthaired pointer: clinical presentations and diagnosis

Hemophilia A, Factor VIII deficiency, was diagnosed in a male German shorthaired pointer as a result of testing for a coagulopathy. He had been treated on numerous occasions for different clinical signs, including intermittent bleeding from wounds, hind-limb paralysis, dyspnea, dyschezia associated with perineal swelling, cutaneous nodules resembling hematomas or abscesses, and forelimb lameness. With each episode, he appeared to respond to supportive care. Hemophilia should be considered in male dogs displaying shifting-leg lameness and transient or recurrent, subcutaneous or intramuscular swelling. Recognition of the various presentations of this disease will aid in early diagnosis, as well as help the clients and breeders with appropriate genetic counseling for this serious inherited trait.

Perineal herniorrhaphy: perioperative data from 100 dogs

One hundred dogs (83 intact males, 15 castrated males, and two intact females) underwent 110 perineal herniorrhaphy procedures. Mixed-breed dogs (n = 32), miniature poodles (n = 14), Boston terriers (n = 11), and Pekingese (n = 9) were represented most frequently. Perineal swelling (n = 48) and a perineal defect on rectal palpation (n = 31) were common clinical signs. Twenty dogs had urinary bladder retroflexion and were significantly more likely to have elevated serum urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and neutrophilic leukocytosis. Only five of 43 dogs evaluated radiographically had prostatomegaly. Of 30 dogs receiving oral barium, all had rectal deviation. The most frequent complications during the hospitalization period were incisional (n = 35), followed by rectal prolapse (n = 9), tenesmus (n = 8), and depression (n = 8). Fifty-six of 70 dogs with follow-up had no complications.