Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Groundwater Quality and its Suitability for Irrigation and Domestic Purposes in Rural Areas, North of Baiji City-Iraq

Background: The present study was conducted to highlight the importance of environmental pollution and its negative impacts on aquatic, plants and animals lives, especially in industrial areas. Objective: This research involved studying the hydrogeochemistry of the groundwater and assessing its quality for irrigation and domestic purposes using quality parameters. In this study, 33 groundwater samples were collected from wells during May 2013 and were analyzed for major ions and TDS. Results: The hydrogeochemical facies of groundwater were identified using the Gibbs model and Chloro – alkaline indices. The results of the Gibbs graph suggest that groundwater chemistry is controlled by evaporation factors. It was found that the values of chloro – alkaline indices were positive, indicating ionic exchange between Na+ in groundwater with Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the aquifer material. Conclusion: The current study of corrosivity ratio showed that groundwater wells are unsuitable for domestic uses.

Some remarks to the derivation of the “generalized Lippmann equation”

In the present communication, an attempt is made to demonstrate (once again) some of the problems with the derivation of the “generalized Lippmann equation” considered to be valid by many researchers for solid electrodes and to address the problems in the framework of the Gibbs model of the interface by using only the basic principles of thermodynamics. By surveying the relevant literature, it has been shown that during the derivation of the equation, it was completely ignored that the Gibbs-Duhem equation (i.e., the electrocapillary equation) is a mathematical consequence which follows directly from the homogeneous degree one property of the corresponding thermodynamic potential function; consequently, the resulting expression cannot be correct. Some alternative approaches have also been considered. The adequacy of the open system and the partly closed system approach has been critically discussed, together with the possibility of introducing new thermodynamic potential functions.

Research on Policy Text Clustering Algorithm Based on LDA-Gibbs Model

Policy text contains large amount of diversified data and strictly conforms to standards and specifications, but the traditional text clustering method cannot solve the problems of high dimensionality, sparse features, and similar meanings, so this paper proposes a weighted algorithm based on the LDA-Gibbs model to improve the accuracy of policy text clustering. Firstly, it provides realistic basis for the assumptions of the LDA-Gibbs topic model and the weighted algorithm; secondly, it pre-processes the existing policy text simulated data, establishes the LDA-Gibbs model, forms a weighted algorithm, and generates training data to determine the number of optimal topics in the LDA-Gibbs model and completes the final clustering of the policy text; finally, by summarizing, classifying and deducing the conclusions of the experimental data, this paper proves the objective validity and effects of this method. Hopefully the overall design of this method can be applied in the prospective study on the formulation of new policies in the future, the retrospective evaluation and testing of the existing policies and the formation of a two-way interactive mechanism.