N,N-Bis(Hexyl α-d-Acetylmannosyl) Acrylamide

Glycosyl monomers for the assembly of multivalent ligands are typically synthesized using carbohydrates with biological functions and polymerizable functional groups such as acrylamide or styrene introduced into the carbohydrate aglycon, and monomers polymerized using a radical initiator. Herein, we report the acryloylation of 6-aminohexyl α-mannoside and its conversion into the glycosyl monomer bearing an acrylamide group. The general acryloylation procedure afforded the desired N-hexyl acetylmannosyl acrylamide monomer as well as an unexpected compound with a close Rf value. The compounds were separated and analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, which revealed the unknown compound to be the bivalent N,N-bis(hexyl α-d-acetylmannosyl) acrylamide monomer, which contains two hexyl mannose units and one acrylamide group. To the best of our knowledge, this side reaction has not previously been disclosed, and may be useful for the construction of multivalent sugar ligands.

On the mechanism of acrylamide emulsion polymerization with the participation of its dimers

The role of both dimeric and monomeric forms of acrylamide monomer in the process of polymerization in emulsions initiated by different type of initiators was discussed and the reasons for the reaction order with respect to monomer greater than unity were elucidated for acrylamide free radical polymerization in emulsions. The emulsion polymerization mechanism of acrylamide is discussed separately for the processes initiated by water-soluble initiator and oil-soluble initiator. The main difference in two cases is the distribution of acrylamide and initiator in aqueous and toluene phases. In the case of using water-soluble initiator, the initiator and acrylamide are in the same phase, whereas the molecules of the initiator and acrylamide are distributed between different phases in the case of using oil-soluble initiator. As a result, the participation of the dimers in the process of acrylamide emulsion polymerization is more efficient for the system where water-soluble initiator is used. For that system, it is suggested that both dimers and monomers of acrylamide participate in the propagation reaction at relatively low concentrations of acrylamide, which explains the value of the reaction order with respect to monomer greater than unity.

Study on vibrational spectroscopy, molecular property, UV-VIS, HOMO-LUMO energies and MEP analysis of N-[2-(4-Bromo-benzoyl)-benzofuran-3-yl]-acrylamide monomer by DFT method

Purpose This study aimed the synthesis and theoretical/experimental characterization of novel benzofuran-based acrylamide monomer. Design/methodology/approach Novel N-substituted acrylamide monomer, i.e. N-[2–(4-Bromo-benzoyl)-benzofuran-3-yl]-acrylamide (BBFA), was synthesized by reacting (3-Amino-benzofuran-2-yl)-(4-bromophenyl) methanone with acryloylchloride at 0–5oC. Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), infrared (FT-IR) and UV-Visible spectrophotometer were used to elucidate the chemical structure of BBFA. Computational studies were performed using the DFT (B3LYP) method on the basis of 6-31 + G (d, p) using Gaussian 09 W and Gauss View 5.0 package in addition to the VEDA program, gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) methods. Findings Molecular geometry and vibration assignments of the BBFA monomer were calculated. The molecular structure of the monomer was examined. Both longest and shortest bonds were determined in the structure. The nucleophilic and electrophilic regions of the monomer were determined. The theoretical spectroscopic data of the monomer were compared with the experimental data; both were consistent with each other. The chemical reactivity of the monomer was also determined. Originality/value The synthesized BBFA monomer can be evaluated in many areas; from medicine to industry (such as textiles) owing to the presence of various active functional groups. Indeed, acrylamide copolymers are remarkable materials for polymer science and industry. The data produced in this study is original and adds to the scientific community.

Analysis of Influencing Factors for Leaching of Acrylamide Monomer from Polyacrylamide-Based Flocculants Used in the Treatment of Sludge Dewatering

Acrylamide (AM) monomer is one of the harmful type substance, are commonly using to produce polyacrylamide (PAMs) flocculants for water treatment. Because of incomplete polymerization, the molecules of AM monomers also in exit marketable polymers. Therefore, discharge of AM from the usage of PAM based polymers flocculants in to environment. Currently study focus on, the AM leaching behaviour (emulsion and powder) polymer produced by two different production processes was studied with WTP sludge dewatering as the research object. The flocculants type's effects, Concentration of sludge and dosage on the discharge of AM residual monomer in sludge dewatering effluent were studied. The powder form flocculants results show, the regardless of the flocculants concentration and sludge concentration, the leaching concentration is not significant, but in the emulsion flocculants, the leaching concentration changes significantly. The Monomers of residual acrylamide be absorbed on the surface of sludge. Sludge concentration plays an active role in improving dehydration efficiency. Considering the trade-off between emulsion and powder polymer, the results of this study are related to the water treatment process.

Development of self-adhesive pulp-capping agents containing a novel hydrophilic and highly polymerizable acrylamide monomer

Several studies have shown the clinical success of hydraulic calcium-silicate cements (hCSCs) for direct and indirect pulp capping and root repair.

Sintesis dan karakterisasi polimer superabsorban dari akrilamida

Synthesis and Characterization of Superabsorbent from Acrylamide Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) is a material that can absorb water in a large amount in a short time. In this research, the polymer has been synthesized from acrylamide monomer (Am) using N,N methylene bisacrylamide (MBA)as a cross-linker and ammonium persulphate (APS) as an initiator. Effects of MBA and APS on the SAP characteristic were studied by varying composition of MBA and APS each of 0.1%-wt, 0.2 %-wt, 0.6 %-wt and 1.0 %-wt. SAP was characterized by measuring its absorption capacity to distilled water. Based on the experiment, the highest absorption capacity for 1 gram SAP is 14.5 gram water. The highest absorption is produced by SAP with APS 0.2 %-wt and MBA 0.6 %-wt. Further studies by using SEM showed that SAP which had high absorption capacity contained a lot of pores with the waving surface. Therefore, the surface contact area between SAP and water is high. Keywords: acrylamide, absorption capacity, superabsorbent polymerAbstrakSuperabsorbent Polymer (SAP) merupakan polimer yang dapat menyerap air dalam jumlah yang sangat banyak. Dalam penelitian ini, polimer tersebut disintesis dari monomer akrilamida menggunakan crosslinker N,N-metilene bisakrilamide (MBA) dan inisiator amonium persulfat (APS). Pengaruh crosslinker dan inisiator terhadap karakteristik SAP dipelajari dengan melakukan variasi komposisi APS dan (MBA) masing-masing sebesar 0,1 %-b, 0,2 %-b, 0,6 %-b, dan 1 %-b. Karakteristik produk SAP dipelajari dengan FTIR untuk menganalisis gugus fungsi yang terbentuk untuk menunjukkan bahwa polimerisasi betul terjadi dan produknya berupa SAP. Pengukuran kemampuan absorpsi SAP terhadap air destilasi menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas absorpsi terbesar yang dihasilkan oleh superabsorbent polymer dari penelitian ini sebesar 14,5 gram air dalam 1 gram produk SAP yang dibuat. Kapasitas terbesar ini dimiliki oleh SAP dengan 0,2 %-b APS dan 0,6 %-b MBA. Studi lebih lanjut dengan SEM menunjukkan bahwa SAP yang memiliki kapasitas absorpsi tertinggi itu mempunyai morfologi permukaan yang berombak dan jumlah pori yang tertinggi sehingga luas permukaan kontak antara SAP dan air juga tertinggi. Kata kunci: akrilamida, kapasitas absorpsi, superabsorbent polymer

Using free radical polymerization and Mannich reaction, synthesis and characterization of cationic polyacrylamides having similar molecular weight but different charge densities

Using free radical solution polymerization technique and Mannich reaction, five different polyacrylamides with similar molecular weight but variable charge densities were synthesized. High molecular weight polyacrylamides were synthesized using potassium persulfate and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine system as initiators. This was achieved by increasing the concentration of acrylamide monomer. They were then characterized by infrared spectroscopy, viscosity measurements and glass transition temperature measurement. These compounds with various cationic charge densities from 48.2, 161.7, 355, 425 and 485 C/g were prepared through Mannich reaction. The results indicate, by increasing the acidity of the polyacrylamide solution using sulfuric acid, the pH of the polyacrylamide solution decreases correspondingly. As a result, the positive charges increased resulting in the enrichment of charge densities.