Opieka nad dzieckiem z chorobą rzadką i niepełnosprawnością intelektualną a wsparcie rodziny

The aim of conducted research is to analyse support which was given by the family undertaken on children with rare disease and mental disability. The research is based on quantity analysis in comparison with diagnostic survey method. 40 parents were involved in the research. The main research question of this paper is: do the parents of children with rare disease and intellectual disability receive a practical and emotional support under taking care of son/daughter from the relatives? Basing on conducted research it might be indicated, that almost half of parents have obligations related to everyday responsibilities. As well, half of parents declared that they have as much of responsibilities connected with taking care with their child as they can manage to do. Additionally respondents marked, that all of the members of the family (wife, husband, brothers and sisters of disable child) are taking everyday responsibilities. Most of parents indicated that they received both practical and emotional support from their family members on limited level.

The Effectiveness of Play Therapy in the Management of Aggression and Stubborn Behavior of Mild Intellectual Disable Child (A Case Study)

The Purpose of current article is to highlight the importance of play therapy in the management of aggression and stubborn behavior. The present study is based on a case of a boy who diagnosed with mild intellectual disability as well he had aggression and stubborn behavior. His undesirable behaviors were not decreased through prior treatment. The clinical psychologist at special education school were applied multiple psychological interventions of play therapy which included balloons of anger, bubble breaths relaxation exercise, the slow motion game and the mad game. Before the starting of therapy the aggression and stubborn behavior scales were filled by client’s mother. On the bases of psychological test and detailed history the client was diagnosed with mild intellectual disability according to the criteria of DSM-5. The play therapy techniques were learned by client to use at home by himself. After fifteen therapeutic sessions the measure tools of aggression & stubborn behaviors were again filled by client’s mother. Results displayed the extreme reduction in the level of aggression and stubborn behavior. Furthermore he also improves his social functioning as stated by client’s mother.

KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL DIFABEL (Studi Fenomenologi Konstruksi Sosial Anak Difabel Dalam Keluarga di Yayasan Pembinaan Anak Cacat Surakarta)

<p><strong>Abstract </strong>: This research’s background is how society treatsdifabel (different able people). This treatment of course caused by how they socially construct disability itself. Therefore family is taken to look how they construct children with disability. Family is a small social group that can show most of society values, norms, and rules. Start from social construction that happen in family, this research conducted. Main question of this research is how family with disabled child constructs disability. In this research, social construction from Peter L Berger and Thomas Luckmann is used to analyze how realities construct socially. Qualitative method and phenomenological approach used in this research in order to answer question that given after look at background. By using purposive sampling take some family in YPAC, divided sample in to two categories, first is parents and the second is siblings of disabled children. Observation, interview, and literature study as collecting data method in this research. Result of this research shows that in externalization, they tend to have same result, which is by seeing disabled child in their family. Next step, parent’s and sibling’s objectivation had difference. When parents has objectivation as a sick or abnormal children, sibling’s objectiovation is that disabled child doesn’t really have different from any other child. Last, internalization of parents, show that they give their disable child treatment so that they can be normal or healthy. Meanwhile sibling’s internalization shows that they treat their disable sister or brother as sibling like any other.</p><p><strong>Keyword :</strong> Social construction, disabled child, family</p><p><strong>Abstrak </strong>: Penelitian ini dilakukan setelah melihat bagaimana perlakuan terhadap difabel sangat ditentukan dari konstruksi sosialnya. Termasuk dalam keluarga sebagai gambaran kecil dari masyarakat. Masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah : Bagaimana konstruksi sosial difabel dalam keluarga dengan anak difabel. Riset ini menggunakan teori konstruksi sosial oleh Peter L Berger dan Thomas Luckmann. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Sementara teknik pengambilan sample yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling yaitu keluarga dengan anak difabel di Yayasan Pembinaan Anak Cacat Surakarta. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Adapun keluarga yang dipilih adalah keluarga batih dengan mewawancara anak dan orang tua dalam keluarga dengan anak difabel. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa dengan adanya anak difabel dalam keluarga merupakan bentuk eksternalisasi tersendiri dalam keluarga. Sementara pada tahap selanjutnya, terdapat perbeda antara orang tua dengan anak. Orang tua memiliki objektivasi bahwa anak sakit atau anak tidak normal. Sementara anak atau saudara dari anak difabel memiliki objektivasi bahwa anak difabel tidak berbeda dari anak kebanyakan. Namun melihat adanya keterbatasan yang dimiliki oleh anak difabel, saudaranya beranggapan bahwa wajar ketika mereka mendapatkan perhatian lebih. Sementara pada tahap internalisasi, ketika orang tua melakukan treatment khusus untuk melatih anak difabelnya agar mandiri, saudara dari anak difabel tidak melakukannya.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong> : Konstruksi sosial, difabel, keluarga</p>