Analysis of the availability of water resources using the Thornthwaite-Matter water balance method with dual reservoir development in residential locations in Tangerang regency

Many settlements still use groundwater sources and this can cause a decrease in the ground water level. There is a need for alternative sources of water to meet the water needs of settlements. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of the surplus or deficit of water in Tangerang Regency, Indonesia and also to determine the amount of water demand for the population in the region. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the planning of dual reservoirs in providing groundwater for residential areas in overcoming the problem of drought in the dry season. This research method uses Thornthwaite-Matter water balance analysis and multiple reservoir design planning. The results showed that the estimated water surplus occurred from January to April with a magnitude between 25.07 mm to 186.09 mm. The water deficit occurs from July to October with a magnitude between 127 mm to 219 mm. The pattern of water consumption in the household is used as a reference for making reservoirs to maintain the availability of air in residential areas. The dual reservoir will be equipped with sensors that can help determine the water level so that it is easy to detect water needs and can prevent water wastage.

Research on Quantitative Evaluation Methods and Influencing Factors of Natural Gas Reservoir Development

Current methods of evaluating the effects of gas reservoir exploitation primarily focus on evaluating production statistics of a well or field, and they often have a certain subjectivity. In order to further analyze key indexes that affect a gas reservoir during production, this paper considered the characteristic parameters of different types of gas reservoirs and established an index system of evaluating a gas reservoir “exploitation effect” from the three aspects of gas reservoir characteristics, rock characteristics, and economic benefits. There are numerous factors affecting the exploitation effect of a gas reservoir. The relationships between different factors are complicated, and the evaluation result of each factor can also be vague. A fuzzy optimization theoretical model for gas reservoir evaluation and optimization was established on the basis of a quantitative study on the evaluation parameters in fuzzy mathematics. In order to clearly understand the influence of each factor on the gas reservoir exploitation effect, numerical simulation was used to perform a multifactor numerical simulation study of the quantitative sensitivity to determine the sequence of different influencing factors in terms of influencing the gas reservoir exploitation effect. This study provides a quantitative scientific basis for the evaluation of gas reservoir exploitation effect.

Methodological approaches to increasing the flooding system efficiency at the later stage of reservoir development

Based on the analysis of the efficiency of CVI.1 and CVI.2 oil reservoirs development, which partially coincide in structural terms, and the terrigenous strata of the Lower Carboniferous of one of Volga-Ural oil and gas province oil fields, an algorithm for assessing the efficiency of waterflooding was proposed, which takes into account the geological structure of the facility, the results of core and geophysical well surveys, as well as the historical performance of wells. The presented algorithm makes it possible to identify ineffective injection directions for making decisions on waterflooding system optimizing. The effect is the identified potential to cut costs by reducing inefficient injection, as well as identifying areas for the introduction of enhanced oil recovery techniques. Keywords: field development; reservoir pressure maintenance system; waterflooding efficiency; cost reduction.

Stratigraphic Trap Potential in the Lower Cretaceous Ratawi Interval, Partitioned Zone PZ, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait

The Lower Cretaceous Ratawi Oolite Formation is among the most prolific reservoirs in the PZ, having produced a significant amount of oil since the 1950's. The Ratawi is interpreted as a low angle carbonate ramp, with high-energy grainstone facies developing on structural highs. Production is focused on these structural highs, with very few well penetrations off structure. Recent work has identified potential Ratawi stratigraphic traps in prograding clinoforms along the flanks of the North Fuwaris structural high. Core data from Ratawi wells illustrate the interplay of depositional environment and diagenesis on reservoir quality. Gross depositional environment (GDE) maps created from the integration of seismic facies and core observations indicate the stratigraphic trap lies in the ramp slope. Reservoir quality variability of the ramp slope across the PZ is explained by the diagenetic history of the Ratawi. Early equant calcite cement develops from substantial meteoric runoff and lowers porosity, while later dissolution enhances reservoir quality. The area of interest is isolated from potential meteoric inputs; we do not expect equant calcite cement or the associated reduction in reservoir quality. Seismic interpretation was performed on recently acquired PZ 3D data to map the Ratawi section. Clinoforms (inclined geometry) were mapped along the western flank of the North Fuwaris high. These facies appear to have developed as a result of progradation to the NW and are indicative of good reservoir development. Leads were generated using the depth structure and GDE maps, supported by amplitude extraction and seismic inversion volumes. Amplitudes extracted from the clinoform shows that the strongest anomaly is along the structurally highest part of the horizon and the anomaly weakens downdip. High amplitudes could be a proxy for reservoir (porosity), and sharp turn-off in amplitude might indicate that lateral and updip facies changes to non-reservoir which is needed for an effective seal. Recent seismic inversion performed on the Ratawi interval shows a good match between the Acoustic Impedance (AI) from logs and the computed AI from the seismic. The Ratawi Oolite appears as a low impedance interval between overlying Ratawi Limestone and underlying Makhul. Porosity estimated from AI volumes appear to support possible Ratawi reservoir development along the flanks of North Fuwaris and Wafra highs.

Technology for Improving the Efficiency of Fractured Reservoir Development Using Gel-Forming Compositions

Increasing the field development efficiency of fractured reservoirs is a contemporary issue. This paper presents fundamental and exploratory research results in this field using modern high-tech experimental equipment from the “Arctic” Scientific Centre at the Saint Petersburg Mining University. Oil reserves in fractured reservoirs are enormous; however, they are classified as hard-to-recover. The before-mentioned reservoirs require a specific approach when selecting technologies to improve the efficiency of their development. In this paper, as a solution to the problem under discussion, we propose the use of a physicochemical method of developing fractured reservoirs based on the injection of a water shut-off agent to exclude highly permeable water-conducting fractures from the drainage process. This technology makes it possible to effectively include and develop previously undrained reservoir areas by directly controlling their filtration properties with the use of new highly efficient and ecologically safe chemical reagents and process fluids.

Rapid assessment of perfect time for transferring wells to water injection for pressure maintenance in low-permeable sediments of Tyumen suite of LLC «RN-Uvatneftegas» oilfields

A significant part of the initial geological reserves of LLC “RN-Uvatneftegas” oilfields are concentrated in deposits with abnormally low reservoir properties (porosity, permeability). The organization strategy of pressure maintenance of such oilfields significantly affect to the economic profitability of the reservoir development. One of the major tasks to achieve this goal is to determine the perfect time for application injection wells in oil production before forming the pressure maintenance system. Often, the solution to this issue turns out to be labor-intensive. In this regard, the analytical tool has been developed that allows rapidly assess the perfect time for transferring wells to water injection for pressure maintenance forming. The developed tool is based on a statistical analysis of the decline rate of horizontal wells fluid rates at the RN-Uvatneftegas oilfields. And also a comparative analysis of the results of the developed tool and other existing methods was carried out. The analysis showed that the developed tool is distinguished by its accuracy, simplicity and efficiency of work.