Experimental evaluation of tasking and teaming design patterns for human delegation of unmanned vehicles

This work discusses different approaches for the cooperation between humans as a supervisor and multiple unmanned vehicles (UVs). We evaluated the most promising approach experimentally with expert pilots of the German Air Force. The co-agency of humans and highly automated unmanned systems (i.e., human autonomy teaming, HAT) is described by the use of a design and description language for HAT design patterns. This design language is used to differentiate control modes for tasking, teaming, and swarming of UVs. The different control modes are then combined in a planner agent (PA) design pattern that further enables the UV guidance on scalable delegation levels from a single individual up to a team. The desired system behavior and interaction concept of the PA for these scalable delegation levels is then transferred to the domain of manned-unmanned teaming in fighter aircraft missions. To demonstrate the applicability of the system, we implemented the concept into our fast-jet simulator of the Institute of Flight Systems (IFS) and conducted an experimental campaign with expert pilots. The results of the experiment showed (1) task delegation with the PA design pattern is faster and reduces the error potential; (2) scalable delegation levels enable a pilot and situation-specific task delegation; (3) the delegation of teams is faster and reduces the error potential; however, in some situations, deeper access through the scalable delegation levels is needed; (4) the concept is intuitive and the transparency and trust in UVs and swarms were very high; and (5) the pilots could imagine operating such systems in the future. Overall speaking the presented PA design pattern is suited for the guidance of UVs and the scalable delegation levels are beneficial.

ANALISIS HUMAN ERROR PADA OPERATOR ENGINE ROOM PT. ADEI PLANTATION & INDUSTRY DENGAN METODE HUMAN ERROR ASSESMENT AND REDUCTION TECHNIQUE (HEART)

PT. Adei Plantation & Industry is a plantation company that operates on plantation and palm oil industries. CPO production of palm oil is needed for consumption, which is run by power stations and for distribution (engine room) involving operators. Since january to june 2020, there is a sudden shutdown in the work of research for the analysis of human errors in the engine room using HEART method. The HEART method is used to evaluate the possibility of human error in all the work and to count the erros in various mays. Data management shows that there are 4 task operators that are common to the plant turbine engines and 6 task forces on the genertor. The highest HEP rating on the turbin engine was 0,6528 with the greatest error potential for task 3, the turbine engine operation. For the highest HEP value on the generator engine is 3,1759 with an error potential in task 5.

Simulator-Based Investigations of Human Error Potential with Railroad Automation in the Locomotive Cab

Automation is being developed and implemented in a variety of industries with the goals of improving overall system performance and reducing the probability and impact of human or operator error. However, as automation is introduced, it changes the role of the operator and creates new opportunities for different and unanticipated types of errors. In the rail industry, automated safety protection and optimization systems are being introduced into the locomotive cab. This paper describes a simulator-based investigation of human-automation interaction in the locomotive cab. Three scenarios were conducted in a dynamic and realistic rail simulator with three professional locomotive engineers. This preliminary study identified three distinct errors related to failing to appropriately monitor automation, and suggested potential opportunities for design improvements.

EVALUASI INTERNAL CONTROL UNTUK MEMINIMALKAN POTENSI FRAUD DAN ERROR PADA TOKO MALINO INDAH DI MAUMERE

Abstrak -Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meminimalisasi potensi terjadinya fraud dan error pada badan usaha berupa toko. Penggunaan internal control telah banyak dilakukan oleh badan usaha baik dari yang berskala kecil hingga besar, hal ini dikarenakan badan usaha menyadari pentingnya internal control untuk memastikan kegiatan operasional yang efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah Toko Malino Indah di Maumere. Analisis internal control didasarkan pada teori COSO framework karena COSO framework memberikan panduan umum internal control yang dikembangkan dan digunakan secara internasional sehingga diharapkan dapat memberikan analisis internal control terkait dengan fraud dan error yang memadai. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa internal control yang diterapkan oleh Toko Malino Indah masih sangat lemah. Hal ini menimbulkan berbagai potensi fraud dan error yang dapat terjadi seperti pencurian kas dan inventory serta kesalahan dalam penjualan. Penyebab utamanya adalah pemilik tidak memiliki pengetahuan mengenai internal control yang baik dan benar. Penulis memberikan rekomendasi internal control secara umum untuk adanya aturan yang jelas dalam toko, pengawasan yang lebih ketat, menilai ulang risiko fraud dan error, perekrutan karyawan yang berkompeten, dan pencatatan yang dilakukan dengan benar. Kata kunci: Internal control, COSO framework, toko, fraud, error Abstract –This research aims to help the object to minimizing potential fraud and error. Internal Control has been used by business entity because they realize internal control can help to assure about the effectiveness and efficiency of their operations. The writer use Malino Indah Store as the object. This research use qualitative approach. This internal control analysis use COSO framework because its give general guidance about internal control and its been used by international world, so its expected to could give adequate analysis. This research find that internal control in Malino Indah Store was too weak. This cause various of fraud and error potential like theft of cash and inventory as well as sales mistakes. The main cause of this weak internal control is the owner does not has the knowledge about the right internal control. Writer recommend internal control for the object to has written regulatory, thighter monitoring, reassessment of fraud and error potential, recruit competent employee, and do the entry correctly. Keywords: Internal control, COSO framework, store, fraud, error

Development of Photo Forensics Algorithm by Detecting Photoshop Manipulation using Error Level Analysis

<p>Nowadays, image manipulation is common due to the availability of image processing software, such as Adobe Photoshop or GIMP. The original image captured by digital camera or smartphone normally is saved in the JPEG format due to its popularity. JPEG algorithm works on image grids, compressed independently, having size of 8x8 pixels. For unmodified image, all 8x8 grids should have a similar error level. For resaving operation, each block should degrade at approximately the same rate due to the introduction of similar amount of errors across the entire image. For modified image, the altered blocks should have higher error potential compred to the remaining part of the image. The objective of this paper is to develop a photo forensics algorithm which can detect any photo manipulation. The error level analysis (ELA) was further enhanced using vertical and horizontal histograms of ELA image to pinpoint the exact location of modification. Results showed that our proposed algorithm could identify successfully the modified image as well as showing the exact location of modifications.</p>