THERMOLYSIS OF OIL WASTE

Based on a set of thermal management studies of various types of oil waste, a process has been developed, equipment has been created and the possibility of effective extraction has been shown hydrocarbons from oil waste, as well as experimentally using experimental equipment that implements the process of steam thermolysis of organic materials, justified the technology of processing a wide range of waste with the receipt of analogues boiler and motor fuels.

Technology and equipment for processing of secondary hydrocarbons

The concept of “steam thermolysis”, specifically, the use of overheated water steam as an effective coolant and inert medium to reduce the formation of environmentally hazardous compounds in the process of thermochemical decomposition of organic waste and to have the possibility of obtaining valuable end products that can be certified as fuels, fuel additives, raw materials and components for certain products, is grounded. Based on the study of decomposition of organic waste in a superheated water steam environment, a thermochemical technology for processing of hydrocarbon-containing raw materials has been developed.To implement the technology of processing hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, it is necessary to heat the raw material up to the specified temperature, maintain the raw material at this temperature for the time required for complete removal of hydrocarbons and water, to cool and condense the steam-gas products, and to cool the solid products. All these processes (heating, holding at a given temperature, cooling, condensation) are associated with the supply of energy (heating and soaking) and energy removal (condensation and cooling of products). On the basis of the law of conservation of energy, the heat transfer equation is formulated and its solution is computed, which makes it possible to calculate the necessary time for the complete course of the thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons.The new technology is instrumentally designed as a line for processing of oil-containing waste, installed on the territory of the company Industrial-transport corporation LLC (Angarsk, Russia). With the help of this equipment, it was proved experimentally under experimental industrial conditions, that as a result of steam thermolysis of oil sludges, the formation of a gasoline fraction occurs, the content of kerosene and diesel fractions increases, and the content of the black oil fraction decreases significantly.

Mechanical Characterization of Carbon Fibres Recycled by Steam Thermolysis: A Statistical Approach

The recent development of technologies for recycling carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRPs) leads to the need to evaluate the mechanical response of recycled carbon fibres. As these fibres are likely to be degraded during the recycling treatment, it is very important to determine their tensile residual properties so as to evaluate their ability as reinforcement for new composite materials. Carbon fibres reclaimed by a steam-thermal treatment applied to degrade the epoxy resin matrix of a CFRP are here analysed. Two conditions were chosen so as to reach two degradation efficiency levels of the steam thermolysis. Several carbon fibre samples were selected for mechanical testing carried out either on single filaments using single fibre tensile tests or on fibre tows using bundle tensile tests. It is shown that the single fibre tensile test leads to a wide variability of statistical parameters derived from the analysis. Bundle tensile tests results were able to indicate that fibre strength of recycled carbon fibre is similar to corresponding as-received carbon fibres thanks to a statistically relevant database. Wide number of tested filaments enabled indeed to obtain low scatters.