Irregular Symmetrical Object Designed By Using Lambda Miu B-Spline Degree Four

In Computer Aided Geometry Design (CAGD), B-splines curves are piecewise polynomial parametric curves that play an important role. CAGD involves the interpolation and approximation curves and surfaces. CAGD has been widely used which brings good impact of computers to industries in manufacturing. There are many improved methods in the B-spline curve such as extended cubic B-spline, trigonometric B-spline, quasi trigonometric B-spline, and λμ-B-spline. Each of the methods has its behaviour and advantage. In this paper, λμ-B-spline was used to be implemented in generating irregular symmetrical objects. λμ-B-spline has a shape parameter that can change the global shape by manipulating the value of the shape parameter. The bottle has been chosen as an irregular symmetrical object. The 2-dimensional symmetrical curves of Bottle design were formed by using λμ-B-spline degree 4. The curves designed are dependent on the shape parameter which can be adjusted. Then, the curves generated were revolved using the Sweep Surface method to form 3-dimensional objects. Every object has its volume and this research focused on the numerical method which was Simpson’s 3/8 to compute the volume. The volumes obtained were compared to the actual volume to determine the best shape parameter used. The results show that the λμ-B-spline curve with a shape parameter of 1 is the best shape parameter in designing symmetrical irregular objects with the desired volume.

Influence of 3D Centro-Symmetry on a 2D Retinal Image

An object is 3D centro-symmetrical if the object can be segmented into two halves and the relationship between them can be represented by a combination of reflection about a plane and a rotation through 180° about an axis that is normal to the plane. A 2D orthographic image of the 3D centro-symmetrical object is always 2D rotation-symmetrical. Note that the human visual system is known to be sensitive to 2D rotational symmetry. This human sensitivity to 2D rotational symmetry might also be used to detect 3D centro-symmetry. If it is, can this detection of 3D centro-symmetry be helpful for the perception of 3D? In this study, the geometrical properties of 3D centro-symmetry and its 2D orthographic and perspective projections were examined to find out whether 3D centro-symmetry plays any role in the perception of 3D. I found that, from a theoretical point-of-view, it is unlikely that 3D centro-symmetry can be used by the human visual system to organize a 2D image of an object in a way that makes it possible to recover the 3D shape of an object from its 2D image.

Preprocessing With Symmetrical Face And Gamma Correction For Face Recognition Under Varying Illumination With Robust Regression Classification

Facial recognition is one of the most popular issues in the field of pattern recognition.Face recognition with uncontrolled lighting conditions is more significant than thephysical characteristics of individual faces. Uncontrolled lighting from the right and leftcan affect the face image. A lot of research on facial recognition, but little attention givento the face image is symmetrical object. Several studies to explore and exploit thesymmetrical properties of the face for face recognition were performed. In this paper, wepropose a pre-processing method to solve one of the common problems in facial imageswith varying illumination. We utilize the symmetric property of the face then performedgamma correction then classified using Robust Regression. The results of this experimentgot an average accuracy of 94.31% and the proposed technique improves recognitionaccuracy especially in images with extreme lighting conditions using gamma correctionparameters γ = 0.3.

Use of the Distance Transform for Integration of Local Measurements: Principle and Application in Chemical Engineering

We propose an original methodology to integrate local measurement for nontrivial object shape. The method employs the distance transform of the object and least-square fitting of numerically computed weighting functions extracted from it. The method is exemplified in the field of chemical engineering by calculating the global metal concentration in catalyst grains from uneven metal distribution profiles. Applying the methodology on synthetic profiles with the help of a very simple deposition model allows us to evaluate the accuracy of the method. For high symmetry objects such as an infinite cylinder, relative errors on global concentration are lower than 1% for well-resolved profiles. For a less symmetrical object, a tetralobe, the best estimator gives a relative error below 5% at the cost of increased measurement time. Applicability on a real case is demonstrated on an aged hydrodemetallation catalyst. Sampling of catalyst grains at the inlet and outlet of the reactor allowed conclusions concerning different reactivity for the trapped metals.

Symmetrical objects in Moro: Challenges and solutions

This paper examines the syntactic and semantic behavior of object arguments in Moro, a Kordofanian language spoken in central Sudan. In particular, we focus on multiple object constructions (ditransitives, applicatives, and causatives) and show that these objects exhibit symmetrical syntactic behavior; e.g., any object can passivize or be realized as an object marker, and all can do so simultaneously. Moreover, we demonstrate that each object can bear any of the non-agentive roles in a verb’s semantic role inventory and that the resulting ambiguities are an entailment of symmetrical object constructions of the type found in Moro. Previous treatments of symmetrical languages have assumed a syntactic asymmetry between multiple objects and have developed theoretical analyses that treat symmetrical behaviors as departures from an asymmetrical basic organization of clausal syntax. We take a different approach: we develop a Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar account that allows a partial ordering of the argument structure (arg-st) list. The guiding idea is that languages differ with respect to the organization of theirarg-stlists and their consequences for grammatical function realization: there is no privileged encoding, but there is large variation within the parameters defined byarg-storganization. This accounts directly for the symmetrical behaviors of multiple objects. We also show how this approach can be extended to account for certain asymmetrical behaviors in Moro.

Color groups arising from index-nsubgroups of symmetry groups

One of the main goals in the study of color symmetry is to classify colorings of symmetrical objects through their color groups. The term color group is taken to mean the subgroup of the symmetry group of the uncolored symmetrical object which induces a permutation of colors in the coloring. This work looks for methods of determining the color group of a colored symmetric object. It begins with an indexnsubgroupHof the symmetry groupGof the uncolored object. It then considersH-invariant colorings of the object, so that the color groupH*will be a subgroup ofGcontainingH. In other words,H≤H*≤G. It proceeds to give necessary and sufficient conditions for the equality ofH*andG. IfH*≠Gandnis prime, thenH*=H. On the other hand, ifH*≠Gandnis not prime, methods are discussed to determine whetherH*isG,Hor some intermediate subgroup betweenHandG.