V.V. Rozanov’s Conception of Teleological Evolution in the Context of Anthropology Development and Discussions on Darwinism in the Russian Empire

One of the least studied aspects in the works of V.V. Rozanov is his concept of teleological evolution, created at the turn of the 1880–1890s. Its main provisions grew out of discussions about Darwinism, that were going on in Russian scientific circles since 1860s and influenced the formation of physical anthropology in the Russian Empire. Agreeing with the principle of the progress of complex forms from the simple ones, Rozanov believed that it was not due to the action of causality, but was the result of the organisms following the highest purpose, which they might not even realize. He defined the direction of development as the realization of the ideals of beauty, building on that basis his theory of the origin of races, according to which the first race was the Australian, from which the Negroid was then distinguished, and further, through the Malay, American and Mongolian races– the Caucasian (European) one. Evolution of the man, after physiologically he has reached the maximum ideal of beauty, is continues at the level of his spirit and is expressed through aspiration to the cognition of truth, kindness and freedom.

Applying 2-way Superscalar Technique to a 32-bit RISC Microprocessor

In one-way microprocessor, the program code is executed at the maximum (ideal) rate of one instruction per cycle. In practice, due to the occurrence of branch instruction, this rate is less than 1. Superscalar architecture, when applied to a 32-bit RISC microprocessor, enables the handling of two instructions in a single machine cycle. To further increase the processing speed, the out-of-order execution is also applied to process an instruction that its operands are ready. As a result, the microprocessor which can complete two instructions per cycle is obtained.

QUALIDADE DA CARNE SUÍNA APÓS DOIS TEMPOS DE DESCANSO NO FRIGORÍFICO

Existem vários fatores estressantes que podem afetar a qualidade da carne e também há falta de informação sobre a quantidade de horas mínimas e máximas ideais de descanso no frigorífico para a reposição do esgotamento físico dos animais após o transporte. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito da redução do tempo de permanência na pocilga do frigorífico sobre a qualidade da carne suína, avaliando-se as seguintes características: pH; capacidade de retenção de água (WHC). A redução de descanso de 9 horas para 3 horas de descanso no frigorífico não alteraram de modo significativo a qualidade da carne suína nas variáveis pH 45 minutos, pH 24 horas pós abate e na capacidade de retenção de água (WHC) pelos métodos Drip Loss e papel de filtro prensado de GRAU e HAMM, mas com a redução do tempo de descanso no frigorífico, pôdese obter outros ganhos (redução do estresse, escoriações de pele, hematomas, fraturas e outros) e em qualidade da carne. Pork meat quality after two times of lairage in slaugther Abstract There are several stressing factors that can affect the meat quality, and also a lack of information on the minimum and maximum ideal lairage time in the slaugther for the replacement of animal physical exhaustion after transportation. The reduction of 9 to 3 hours of lairage in the preslaugther did not significantly alter the pork meat quality in the variables pH 45 min, pH 24 h postslaugther, water-holding capacity (WHC) for the methods Drip Loss and filter paper press of GRAU & HAMM. However, with the reduction lairage time in the slaugther, other gains could be obtained (reduction of stress, skin excoriations, hematomas, fractures and others) as well as increase in meat quality.